review Flashcards
CHNOPS:
Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur
5 molecular compositions
- water: cell mass
- sugar: carbs
- fat: lipids
- nucleus acids: rna + dna
- amino acids: proteins
trna:
tiny rna strands, they hold amino acids, string together and create proteins
what’s a ribosome
it grabs trna that compliments rna, slides and removes amino acids and attaches to next rna
LIKE A SLUG!!
prokaryotic cells vs eukaryotic
prokaryotic: long dna, rna floating in cytoplasm, has ribosomes
eukaryotic: has a mitochondria and nucleus
cations, monovalent and divalent
anions, movovalent
postive charged, sodium/potassium
( monovalent)
calcium/ magnesium (divalent)
negative charged, chloride (monovalent)
depolarization vs hyperpolarization
de: less negative (-70 to -60)
hyper: more negative (-60 to -70)
ratio of k+ and Na+
potassium: 30x more in than out
sodium: 15x more out than in
3 neuroglia
- astrocytes: clean, provide nutrients and support
- migroglia: immune system, protection
- oligodendrocytes: myelin sheath
pre synaptic membrane
post synaptic membrane
pre: neutrons otter is released from
post: receives signal, cell responds with hyper or depolarization
ionotropic
metabotropic
ion: ion channels
meta: g protein receptors that open ion channels
ligand:
they bind to receptor proteins
excitatory:
inhibitory:
sodium ions depolarize the cell (+)
chloride ions hyperpolarize the cell (-)
g proteins:
use gtp instead of atp
axoaxonic synapses
regulate the amount of neurotransmitters second neuron will release with action potential
