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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

It is the grouping of objects or information based on similarities

A

Classification

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2
Q

The branch of biology that groupsand names organisms based on studies of their different characteristic

A

TAXONOMY

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3
Q

Lives in Harsh environments salty lakes, hot springs, anaerobic environments

A

Archaebacteria

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4
Q

Examples include: Euglena, Amoeba

A

Protista

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5
Q

Including: toadstools, mushrooms, puffballs, rusts or smut

A

Fungi

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6
Q

Includes common bacteria: tooth decay, yogurt production, food poisoning

A

Eubacteria

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7
Q

The animal-like protists

A

Protozoans

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8
Q

The plant-like protists

A

Algae

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9
Q

Protist are able to move at some point in their life and do not have chitin in their cell walls

A

Slime molds

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10
Q

slime molds

A

Phylum Acarsiomycota

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11
Q

plasomodial slime mold

A

Phylum myxomycota

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12
Q

pathogenic to plants potato blight, downey mildew

A

Phylum Oomycota

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13
Q

primarily aquatic Saprophytes and parasites

A

Phylum Chytridiomycota

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14
Q

Pseudopods moves W/ false feet, live on other protists

A

Phylum Sarcodina

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15
Q

Move w/flagella, transported by blood sucking insects.

A

Phylum zoomastiging

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16
Q

It moves w/cilia. Genus Paramecium most common.

A

Phylum Ciliphora

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17
Q

Green algae, mostly aquatic Ex: Ulva, Volvox

A

Phylum Chlorophyta

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18
Q

the spinning algae

A

Phylum Dinoflagellata

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19
Q

Red algae “seaweeds” mostly marine Ex. Corallina, Irish Moss

A

Phylum Rhodophyta

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20
Q

Brown algae Ex. Sargassum, Giant Kelp, mostly marine

A

Phylum Phaeophyta

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21
Q

Common bread mold Rhizopus stolonifer

A

Phylum Zygomycota

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22
Q

Used in the making of foods, such as soy sauce and some kinds of blue-veined cheese.

A

Phylum Deuteromycota

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23
Q

Sac fungi, traditional baker’s & brewer’s yeast

A

Phylum Ascomycota

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24
Q

Club fungi Mushrooms, puffballs

A

Phylum Basidiomycota

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25
Q

makes antibiotics

A

Cephalosporium

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26
Q

more rigid and provide lift to prevent sinking

A

fins of cartilaginous fish

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27
Q

are highly flexible and enable them to fly underwater

A

Fins in skates and rays

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28
Q

can inflict a painful stab wound…that can be fatal

A

Stingray barbs

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29
Q

An unusual cartilaginous fish - it uses the saw to stun and kill small fish in sand.

A

Sawfish

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30
Q

smallest shark

A

pigmy shark at 25 cm long.

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31
Q

largest shark

A

whale shark at over 45 feet long.

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32
Q

They both are filter feeders that consume enormous amounts of plankton as they swim near the surface with their mouths open.

A

Whale sharks and Basking Sharks

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33
Q

Generally friendly and hang out under reef ledges.

A

Leopard and nurse sharks

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34
Q

great white, bull shark, tiger shark, and hammerheads.

A

Dangerous sharks

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35
Q

large and oily to give the shark buoyancy. People use it for various medicinal purposes.

A

Shark liver

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36
Q

The Bony Fish

A

Osteichthyes

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37
Q

acts as a barrier to infection and allows them to move easily through the water.

A

Mucus

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38
Q

The scales can indicate the age of the fish - they have growth rings called

A

circuli

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39
Q

stabilize the fish.

A

The dorsal and anal fin

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40
Q

move the fish in all directions.

A

pectoral

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41
Q

creates vortices (swirling currents) that thrust the fish forward.

A

caudal fin

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42
Q

use their tails to grasp things and are often well camouflaged.

A

Sea horses

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43
Q

odd shape…looks like a sponge

A

Frog fish

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44
Q

can glide for more than 100 meters in distance and 10 meters above water

A

Flying fish

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45
Q

largest bony fish in the world (3 m long).

A

Mola mola

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46
Q

birds of prey

A

Falconiforms

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47
Q

grouse, pheasant, quail,and turkey;

A

Galliformes

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48
Q

pigeon, doves;

A

Columbioformes

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49
Q

cuckoos, roadrunners;

A

Cuculiformes

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50
Q

owls

A

Strigiformes

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51
Q

goatsuckers, nighthawks;

A

Caprimulgiformes

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52
Q

swifts, hummingbirds;

A

Apodiformes

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53
Q

kingfishers

A

Coraciformes

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54
Q

woodpeckers; and

A

Piciformes

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55
Q

songbirds

A

Passeriformes

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56
Q

include the upland game birds of turkey, quail, grouse, and pheasant.

A

Galliformes

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57
Q

which means heavy-bodied, mostly ground-feeding birds.

A

gallinaceous

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58
Q

include the lesser prairie chicken, the ruffed grouse, and others.
At first, agriculture benefited the grouse.

A

Grouse

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59
Q

Asiatic game birds that were imported for sport.

A

Pheasants

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60
Q

Their preferred habitat includes open grasslands and cropland areas with brushy cover nearby.

A

Pheasants

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61
Q

are pigeons and doves.
They are plump birds with small heads.

A

Columbiformes

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62
Q

adapted to human activity, but prefers open woodlands or edges between forests and prairies.

A

Mourning Dove

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63
Q

ranges from the southwestern United States through Mexico and South America.
It prefers tall mesquite and prickly-pear cactus near the Rio Grande.

A

White-winged Dove

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64
Q

terrestrial cuckoo that runs quite well.

A

Roadrunner

65
Q

belong to the order Passerformes.

A

Songbirds or perching birds

66
Q

excellent mimic and is the official state bird of Texas.

A

mockingbird

67
Q

bright red with a red, conical beak.
They are common throughout Texas, except in the Panhandle.

A

Cardinal i

68
Q

Its red breast easily identifies the
This is a familiar winter bird of Texas.
When on the ground, it can hop, walk, or run in search of earthworms.

A

American Robin

69
Q

Modern Amphibia lacking dermal bony
skeleton. Teeth small, simple.

A

Lissamphibia

70
Q

Ichthyophis, Uroaeotyphlus

A

Lissamphibia

71
Q

Triton and Triturns (newts), Salamandra (salamander), Desmognathus, Amphiuma (congo eel), Plethodon.

A

Urodela or caudata

72
Q

frogs and toads in 5 suborders.

A

Salientia or Anura

73
Q

tuataras

A

Rhynchocephalia

74
Q

Ectothermic

A

Lungs to breathe
3 or 4 chambered heart
No metamorphosis

75
Q

Eggs have a leathery
shell to prevent
desiccation

A

Oviparous

76
Q

Lizards began
diversifying at tim
when dinosaurs
were
near end of their
dominance

A

Squamata

77
Q

Very diversified group
Terrestrial, burrowing
aquatic, arboreal,
aerial
- Many familiar groups

A

Lizards

78
Q

toxic concentrations insaliva

A

Venom

79
Q

blindness.
paralysis

A

Neurotoxic-

80
Q

ruptures
blood vessels, cells

A

Hemolytic -

81
Q

Very ancient group
Little change in
morphology since
Triassic period

A

Turtle chelonia

82
Q

single species
in New Zealand
Lizard-like.
<66 cm
Lives in burrows
Slow-growing, long-

A

Tuatura

83
Q

controlling metabolism & regulating heat loss

A

Endothermic

84
Q

all mammals have it for insulation & protection

A

HAIR

85
Q

secret milk for young

A

Mammary glands

86
Q

muscle below lungs to aid in respiration

A

Diaphragm

87
Q

give birth to live young that have developed in uterus. Nourished from placenta. The time of development in the uterus is gestation.

A

Placental mammals

88
Q

mammals that reproduce by laying eggs

A

Monotremes

89
Q

reptilian bone structure in shoulder area, lower body temp than most mammals, a mix of chromosome size

A

monotremes

90
Q

Metatheria

A

marsupials

91
Q

Eutheria

A

placentals

92
Q

pouched animals with a short gestation period

A

marsupials

93
Q

the only marsupial in N America

A

opossum

94
Q

shrews, hedgehogs, moles

A

Order Insectivora

95
Q

smallest mammals, pointed snouts, live underground, insect-eaters

A

Order Insectivora

96
Q

Bats

A

Order Chiroptera

97
Q

nocturnal, use sonar, adapted for flight, fruit and insect-eaters

A

Order Chiroptera

98
Q

monkeys, apes, humans

A

Order Primates

99
Q

binocular vision, large brains, most are tree-dwellers, opposable thumbs

A

Order Primates

100
Q

anteaters, sloths, armadillos

A

Order Xenarthra

101
Q

toothless or peg-like teeth, insect-eaters

A

Order Xenarthra

102
Q

beavers, rats, woodchucks, marmots, squirrels, hamsters and gerbils

A

Order Rodentia

103
Q

sharp incisor teeth, plant-eaters

A

Order Rodentia

104
Q

back legs are longer than front, adapted to jumping, incisors continuously grow

A

Order Logomorpha

105
Q

rabbits, pikas, hares

A

Order Logomorpha

106
Q

dogs, cats, wolves, bears, seals, walruses, coyotes, skunks, otters, minks, weasles

A

Order Carnivora

107
Q

teeth adapted to tear flesh, meat-eaters

A

Order Carnivora

108
Q

long trunks, incisors become long tusks, largest land animal

A

Order Proboscidea

109
Q

elephants

A

Order Proboscidea

110
Q

manatees and dugongs

A

Order Sirenia

111
Q

slow moving, big heads, no hind limbs

A

Order Sirenia

112
Q

horses, zebras, rhinoceroses

A

Order Perissodactyla

113
Q

hoofed, odd number of toes, plant-eaters

A

Order Perissodactyla

114
Q

deer, antelope, cattle, sheep, pigs, goats, hippopotamus)

A

Order Artiodactyla

115
Q

hoofed, even number of toes, plant-eaters that chew cud

A

Order Artiodactyla

116
Q

whales, dolphins, porpoises

A

Order Cetacea

117
Q

front limbs that are flippers, no hind limbs, nostril forms a blowhole

A

Order Cetacea

118
Q

whisk ferns, lycophytes, horsetails, fern.

A

SEEDLESS VASCULAR PLANTS

119
Q

liverworts, hornworts, mosses.

A

NON VASCULAR PLANTS

120
Q

small, nonvascular, nonwoody.

A

BRYOPHYTES

121
Q

cycadophyta, ginkophyta, coniferophyta, gnetophyta.

A

GYMNOSPERM

122
Q

phylum pterophyta.

A

FERNS

123
Q

phylum bryophyte.

A

MOSSES

124
Q

division sphenophyta.

A

HORSETAIL

125
Q

have hair or fur and produce milk.

A

MAMMALS

126
Q

have a gizzard that holds small stones to help grind food.

A

BIRDS

127
Q

have moist skin. Obtains oxygen though lungs and skin.

A

AMPHIBIANS

128
Q

lay waterproof eggs on land. Skin is adapted to keep water in the body.

A

REPTILES

129
Q

filter feed. Simplest animals, asymmetrical.

A

PORIFERA

130
Q

HAVE FLAT WORM LIKE BODIES.

A

PLATYHELMINTHES

131
Q

have hard spiny-skinned.

A

ECHINODERMATA

132
Q

digestive cavity called a coelenterons. Radial symmetry.

A

CNIDARIA

133
Q

have bodies made up of many linked sections.

A

ANNELIDA

134
Q

jointed legged animals.

A

ARTHROPODA

135
Q

soft bodies, some have a hard outer shell, foot for moving.

A

MOLLUSCA

136
Q

digestive system is like a tube open at both ends.

A

NEMATODA

137
Q

have five-seven pairs of legs.

A

CRUSTACEAN

138
Q

have three pairs of legs.

A

INSECTA

139
Q

have long thin bodies and pairs of legs.

A

CHILOPODA

140
Q

have four pairs of legs.

A

ARACHNIDA

141
Q

cartilaginous fish include the sharks, skates, and rays.

A

CHONDRICTHYES

142
Q

sponges

A

porifera

143
Q

jellyfish, sea anemone

A

cnidaria

144
Q

planaria, fluke

A

platyhelminthes

145
Q

pork worms, ascaris

A

nematode

146
Q

earthworm, leeches

A

annelida

147
Q

squid, clams, snails

A

mollusca

148
Q

crabs, lobster, shrimps

A

crustaceans

149
Q

bees, ants, cockroaches

A

insecta

150
Q

scorpions, spiders, tick

A

arachnida

151
Q

non flowering plants

A

gymnosperm

152
Q

non vascular plant

A

bryophyta

153
Q

flowering plants

A

angiosperm

154
Q

vascular plants

A

tracheophyta

155
Q

jawless fish

A

agnatha

156
Q

frogs, toads, salamander

A

amphibian

157
Q

turtles, snakes crocodiles

A

reptilia

158
Q

dogs, cats, monkeys

A

mammals

159
Q

ostrich, penguins, eagles

A

birds

Biology (10 decks)

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