CELLS Flashcards
THE FIRST CELLS
PROKARYOTES
ARE UNICELLULAR ORGANISMS WHOSE CELLS ARE PROKARYOTIC
PROKARYOTES
CHARACTERIZED BY THE ABSENCE OF A TRUE NUCLEUS
PROKARYOTES
MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS WHOSE MEMBER INCLUDE PLANTS , ANIMALS,PROTISTS, FUNGI AND HUMANS
EUKARYOTES
POSSESS A TRUE NUCLEUS
EUKARYOTES
EUKARYOTIC CELLS CONTAINS 3 BASIC CELL
NUCLEUS
CELL MEMBRANE
CYTOPLASM
NUCLEUS ,CELL MEMBRANE AND CYTOPLASM ARE COMPOSED OF LIVING SUBSTANCE CALLED
PROTOPLASM
PLASMA MEMBRANE OR PLASMALEMMA
CELL MEMBRANE
IS A SEMIPERMEABLE SURROUNDING THE CELL
CELL MEMBRANE
THE BOUNDARY BETWEEN THE CELL AND ITS EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT
CELL MEMBRANE
AS A STRUCTURE THAT CONTROLS THE MOVEMENT OF SUBSTANCE IN AND OUT OF THE CELL
CELL MEMBRANE
AN ADDITIONAL BOUNDARY TO PLANT CELL
CELL WALL
A CIRCULAR , DARKLY STRAINING PART OF THE PROTOPLASM ENCLOSED BY A MEMBRANE CALLED NUCLEAR MEMBRANE OR NUCLEAR ENVELOPE
NUCLEUS
WHAT IS NUCLEUS ENCLOSED BY
NUCLEAR MEMBRANE OR NUCLEAR ENVELOPE
IT CONTROLS ALL THE ACTIVITIES AT THE CELL
NUCLEUS
NUCLEUS IS CONSIDERED AS THE
CONTROL CENTER OF THE CELL
THE SEMIFLUID INSIDE THE NUCLEUS
NUCLEOPLASM OR KARYOPLASM OR NUCLEAR SOAP
DISTINCT STRUCTURE INSIDE THE NUCLEUS WHERE RIBOSOMES ARE SYNTHESIZED
NUCLEOLUS
NUCLEUS CONTAINS DNA ARRANGED IN A NETWORK OF LONG THREADLIKE STRUCTURE CALLED
CHROMATIN
NUCLEUS CONTAINS
DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID (DNA)
INSIDE THE DNA IT CONTAINS HEREDITARY MATERIALS OF THE ORGANISM CALLED
GENES
INSIDE THE NUCLEUS THE GENETIC MATERIAL IS FOUND
DNA-DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID
PART OF THE PROTOPLASM THAT FORMS THE LARGEST PART OF THE CELL MOST LIFE ACTIVITIES OCCURS
CYTOPLASM
IT IS MADE UP OF FLUID-LIKE SUBSTANCES WHERE ORGANELLES FOUND
CYTOPLASM
CYTOPLASM WAS FORMERLY KNOWN AS
SARCODE
SARCODE WAS DISCOVERED BY
FELIX DUJARDIN
VERY SMALL(MICROSCOPIC)
ORGANELLES
FOUND IN CYTOPLASM
ORGANELLES
ARE SPECIALIZED PARTS OF THE CELL THAT ARE ANALOGOUS TO ORGANS
ORGANELLES
PERFORM VARIOUS FUNCTION
ORGANELLES
POWERHOUSE OF THE CELL
MITOCHONDRIA
GENERATE CELLULAR ENERGY (ATP)
MITOCHONDRIA
BOTH PLANTS AND ANIMALS CELLS HAVE?
MITOCHONDRIA
SITE OF CELLULAR RESPIRATION
MITOCHONDRIA
INTERIOR OF MITOCHONDRIA
MATRIX
FOLDED INNER MEMBRANE OF MITOCHONDRIA IS CALLED
CRISTAE
IT IS A NETWORK OF PATHWAYS THROUGH WHICH MATERIALS FLOW TO THE DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE CYTOPLASM
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
FUNCTIONS IN SYNTHESIS OF CELL PRODUCT AND TRANSPORT
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM - ER
HAS RIBOSOMES ON ITS SURFACE
ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
MAKES MEMBRANE PROTEINS AND PROTEINS FOR EXPORT OUT OF CELL
ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
PROTEINS ARE MADE BY RIBOSOMES ON ER SURFACE
ROUGH ER
LACKS RIBOSOMES ON ITS SURFACE
SMOOTH ER
ATTACHED TO THE ENDS OF ROUGH ER
SMOOTH ER
MAKES CELL PRODUCTS THAT ARE USED INSIDE THE CELL
SMOOTH ER
MAKES MEMBRANE LIPIDS
SMOOTH ER
REGULATES CALCIUM
SMOOTH ER
DESTROY TOXIC SUBSTANCES
SMOOTH ER
SMALL GRANULAR STRUCTURES MADE OF PROTEINS AND RNA
RIBOSOMES
PROTEIN FACTORIES OF THE CELL
RIBOSOMES
CAN BE ATTACHED TO ROUGH ER
RIBOSOMES
BE FREE DETACHED IN THE CYTOPLASM
RIBOSOMES
LOOKS LIKE A STACK OF PANCAKES
GOLGI BODIES
MODIFY ,SORT,AND PACKAGE MOLECULES FROM ER FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OUT OF THE CELL
GOLGI BODIES
ARE ORGANELLES THATS CARRY SUBSTANCES IN AND OUT OF THE CELL
VESICLES
CONTAINS DIGESTIVE ENZYMES (LYSOZYMES)
LYSOSOMES
BREAK DOWN FOOD ,BACTERIA, AND WORN OUT CELL PARTS FOR CELLS
LYSOSOMES
PROGRAMMED FOR CELL DEATH (AUTOLYSIS)
LYSOSOMES
RELEASE ENZYMES TO BREAK DOWN AND RECYCLE CELL PARTS
LYSOSOMES
CELL TAKES IN FOOD BY PHAGOCYTOSIS
LYSOSOME DIGESTION
LYSOSOME DIGEST FOOS AND GET RID OF WASTES
LYSOSOME DIGESTION
FLUID FILLED SACKS FOR STORAGE OF FOOD ,ENZYMES AND OTHER MATERIALS NEEDED BY THE CELL
VACUOLES
PLANT CELL HAVE A LARGE CENTRAL VACOULE
VACUOLES
NO VACUOLES IN BACTERIAL CELL
VACUOLES
FOUND ONLY IN ANIMAL CELLS
CENTRIOLES
PAIRED STRUCTURES NEAR NUCLEUS
CENTRIOLES
MADE OF BUNDLE OF MICROTUBES
CENTRIOLES
APPEAR DURING CELL DIVISION FORMING MITOTIC SPINDLE
CENTRIOLES
HELP TO PULL CHROMOSOME PAIRS APART TO OPPOSITE ENDS OF THE CELL
CENTRIOLES
FRAMEWORK OF THE CELL
CYTOPLASM
CONTAINS SMALL MICROFILAMENTS AND LARGER MICROTUBES
CYTOSKELETON
THEY SUPPORT THE CELL , GIVING IT ITS SHAPE AND HELP WITH THE MOVEMENT OF ITS ORGANELLES
CYTOSKELETON
ARE ORGANELLES FOUND IN PLANT CELLS, SOME PROTOZOANS AND BACTERIA
PLASTIDS
ARE INVOLVED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FOOD-PHOTOSYNTHESIS
PLASTIDS
MOST COMMON PLASTIDS FOUND IN GREEN PLANTS , CONTAIN GREEN PIGMENT CHLOROPHYLL
CHOROPLAST
GIVE YELLOW AND ORANGE COLORS TO FLOWER AND FRUIT
CHROMOPLAST
COLORLESS PLASTIDS FOR THE STORAGE OF CARBOHYDRATES , PROTEINS AND FATS
LEUCOPLAST