reverse names for ch 6

Question 1

Moon (or sun) seems larger at the horizon than at the zenith
Recognised in classical times, many theories
Current most-accepted explanation in terms of apparent distance, although issue is still controversial
Assumption: if two objects have the same retinal image size, the one that appears closer will look smaller
That means horizon moon must look more distant
Some evidence that horizon looks further away than zenith sky

Answer 1

The moon ilusion

Question 2

trapezoidal room thing

Answer 2

Ames room

Question 3

The two spheres are the same size but the perceptually larger one evoked activity in a larger area of V1.

Answer 3

Ponzo illusion

Question 4

Perceived Size = k*(Retinal image size x Perceived Distance)

Answer 4

Emmert’s Law

Question 5

Many objects at different distances could result in the same size retinal image

Answer 5

Size constancy

Question 6

Was interested in whether retinal disparity was a sufficient cue for stereopsis in the absence of any other depth cues
Created random-dot stereograms – no local stereopsis (no objects or contours) or static monocular depth cues

Answer 6

Global stereopsis:

Question 7

With simple objects, matching could be done on a point by point basis, would require object or feature recognition prior to

Answer 7

Local stereopsis:

Question 8

the ability to use binocular disparity as a cue to see depth

Answer 8

stereopsis:

Question 9

When fixating, image of target falls on fovea of each eye
The images of an object at the same distance as the fixation plane will fall on the same relative position in the two eyes
Images that fall on different relative locations are said to fall on non-corresponding (disparate) points

Answer 9

horopter

Question 10

Movement-based version of occlusion

A closer object will progressively block out the appearance of a more distant one

Answer 10

Accretion and deletion:

Question 11

things move fast away from point of fixation

Answer 11

optic flow

Question 12

Objects that are closer move past the observer more quickly and appear to move in a different direction than more distant objects
Very strong cue
Provides accurate quantitative information about distance

Answer 12

Motion parallax:

Question 13

Over long distances, objects have lower contrast, less distinct edges

Answer 13

Atmospheric (or aerial) perspective

Question 14

Parallel lines converge into the distance

Answer 14

Linear perspective:

Question 15

Similar to occlusion; texture changes abruptly at depth boundaries

Answer 15

Texture discontinuities:

Question 16

Texture elements get closer together and smaller with increasing distance

Answer 16

Texture gradients:

Question 17

For objects of the same size, more distant ones cast a smaller retinal image

Answer 17

Relative size:

Question 18

If we know what size an object should be, we can use that information to gauge its distance

Answer 18

Familiar size:

Question 19

relative to horizon/fixation point, everything above and below is closer to you

Answer 19

Relative Height:

Question 20

Closer objects obscure more distant ones
Likely very primitive cue
illusory contours (V2 neurons)

Answer 20

Interposition/Occlusion

Question 21

how far away is something from me

Answer 21

egocentric distance

Question 22

how far away is object A from B

Answer 22

relative distance