retrieval failure Flashcards
whats a cue
-a trigger of information that allows us to access a memory
what are the two types of memory a cue can allow us to access
-external (environmental context)
-internal (mood)
what is retrieval failure
-explanation of forgetting based on the idea that we dont have the necessary queues to access a memory
what is the reason we forget
due to insufficient cues
what happens when we encode a new memory
-we also store info that occurred around it e.g. the way we felt or the place we were in
what is the reason for not recalling something in a specific situation
-because we are not in a similar situation to when the memory was originally encoded
why may we find it difficult to retrieve a memory
-if the cues arent present when we come to recall something
we may not necessarily have forgotten it, it is just that…
we dont have the cues to help us access the memory- its still available
who is the encoding specificity principle proposed by
-tulving
what is the encoding specificity principle
-the greater the similarity between the encoding event and the retrieval event the likelihood of recalling the og memory increases
evidence that cues have been explicit/implicitly encoded at the time of learning so link to the original word
-tulving and pearlstone
what was the tulving and pearlstone experiment
-participants had to learn 48 words belonging to 12 categories
-condition a= free recall
-condition b= cues (category name recall)
findings of tulving and pearlstone experiment
-40% recall in condition A
-60% recall in condition B
if a cure is going to help us recall info when does it need to be present
-during encoding and retrieval
what happens during encoding
when we learn the material (the experience)
what are the two types of cue dependant forgetting
-context dependant forgetting
-state dependant forgetting
what is context dependant forgetting
-lack of external environmental cues
what is state dependant forgetting
-lack of internal cues
