coding, capacity and duration of memory stores Flashcards
what did Miller find
on average we recall 7 items plus/ minus 2
how can we increase memory capacity (remember more info)
-breaking info down into 5-9 manageable chunks
what miller discover
-we can remember words as easily as we can remember 5 letters
-by chunking the info
what did Jacobs develop
the digit span test
what is the digit span test
-researcher gives a number of digits and ppt has to recall them in order
what is the process of the digit span test
-researcher increases amount by one digit and the ppt has to recal again untl they cannot recall correct order
-determines their digit span
what was the mean digit span in Jacobs’ digit span test
-9.3 items
-for letters it was slightly lower at 7.3 letters
what was peterson and petersons study
-of duration of STM
-participants given 3 consonants and 3 digits
-had to recall consonants after delay in which they counted backwards from their 3 digit number in 3’s
what did peterson and peterson find
that STM only lasts for around 18 seconds if you prevent rehearsal
what did Behrick test
-duration of LTM
-tested 400 people between ages of 17-74 for their memories of their classmates
what was the process of Behricks test
-showed ppts 50 photos and they had to identify
(1) their classmates
(2) their names
findings for within 15 years (behrick)
90% identified classmates
60% recalled their names
findings for after 48 years
70% identified classmates
30% recalled their names
what did Baddedeley test for
-Coding of STM and LTM
what did Baddeley find (in general)
-our memory needs a way in which data can be stored
one of three ways
(1) acoustic (sound)
(2) visual (images)
(3) sematically (meaning)
process of baddeleys examination
-used word lists to test coding in STM and LTM
what did Baddeley find (specific to his study)
-found participants had difficultites remebering acoustically similar words in LTM but not in STM
-semantically similar words remembered well in LTM but not STM
what did baddeleys findings show
-the STM encoded acoustically and LTM semantically
how is sensory register encoded
- raw/unprocessed info from all senses
duration of sensory register
-very limited approx 250ms
capacity of sensory register
-unknown but very large
encoding of STM
-acoustic (sound)
-relate to baddeley
duration of STM
-limited (18seconds)
-peterson and peterson
capacity of STM
-limited
-7 plus minus 2 chunks of info
-Jacobs and Miller
encoding of LTM
-semantic
-found by baddeley
duration of LTM
-lifetime/years
-found by bahrick
capacity of LTM
-unlimited
