Restrictive Lung/MSK conditions

Question 1

What is the treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis?

Answer 1

-NOT CURABLE
-Slow progression with corticosteroids
-Lung transplant
-smoking cessation
-Nutrition, Oxygenation

Question 2

What is asbestosis?

Answer 2

Accumulation of fibers that cause inflammation and scarring of the airways

Question 3

Symptoms of asbestosis

Answer 3

Chronic coughing and chest pain

Question 4

Treatment of asbestosis

Answer 4

NO CURE
Symptomatic support
Good nutrition
Breathing exercises

Question 5

What are clinical manifestations of Asbestosis?

Answer 5

Question 6

What does pneumonia begin as?

Answer 6

An infection in the lower respiratory tract

Question 7

What is pneumonia?

Answer 7

Inflammatory process of the lung parenchyma (Bacterial & Viral)

Question 8

Pneumonia causes an ______ of fluid in the alveoli.

Answer 8

Accumulation

Question 9

What are some Clinical Manifestation of Pneumonia?

Answer 9

Question 10

Treatment for Pneumonia

Answer 10

Drug therapy
O2 supplementation
-Postural drainage
-Airway clearance techniques
-Good nutrition
-Breathing exercises
-General functional and aerobic exercise

Question 11

What is Bronchogenic Carcinoma?

Answer 11

Malignant growth of abnormal epithelial cells in the bronchus

Question 12

Primary cause of Bronchogenic Carcinoma

Answer 12

Cigarette smoking

Question 13

Most common type of lung cancer

Answer 13

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 14

Clinical manifestation of Bronchogenic Carcinoma

Answer 14

Question 15

Treatment for Bronchogenic Carcinoma

Answer 15

-Surgery, radiation, chemotherapy
-Good nutrition
-Breathing exercises
-General functional and aerobic exercise
-Balance training

Question 16

What is Pulmonary Edema

Answer 16

Restrictive lung disease caused by an increase in amount of fluid in lung

Question 17

Clinical Manifestation of Pulmonary Edema

Answer 17

Question 18

Treatment for Pulmonary Edema

Answer 18

Breathing exercises
General function and aerobic exercise

Question 19

What is a neuromuscular cause of restrictive lung dysfunction?

Answer 19

Spinal cord injury

Question 20

What do cervical spine injuries lead to?

Answer 20

Expiratory muscle paralysis

Question 21

Spinal cord injuries can cause a ______ in inspiratory muscles as a result of _______

Answer 21

Inspiratory muscles
hypoventilation

Question 22

Clinical manifestation of spinal cord injury

Answer 22

Question 23

Treatment for spinal cord injury

Answer 23

-Clear secretions
-Breathing exercises
-Strengthen and increase the endurance of any remaining ventilatory muscles
-Active/passive chest wall stretch

Question 24

What is ALS?

Answer 24

Progressive degenerative disease of the nervous system

Question 25

What parts of the spinal cord does ALS involve?

Answer 25

Anterior horn cells of cervical, lower thoracic and lumbosacral spinal segments

Question 26

Clinical manifestation of ALS

Answer 26

Question 27

Treatment for ALS

Answer 27

-Supportive therapy -Physical exertion is not recommended, but patient needs to be out of bed and mobile

Question 28

What is Poliomyelitis?

Answer 28

Viral disease that attacks the motor nerve cells of the spinal cord and brain stem

Question 29

Poliomyelitis results in ________.

Answer 29

Muscular paralysis

Question 30

Clinical manifestation of Poliomyelitis

Answer 30

Question 31

Treatment for Poliomyelitis

Answer 31

-Vaccine -Airway Clearance -Supportive therapy -Energy Conservation -Range of Motion -Functional strength training

Question 32

What is post-polio syndrome?

Answer 32

Weakening in previously affected and unaffected muscles

Question 33

What is counterproductive with post-polio syndrome?

Answer 33

Intense resistive exercise and weight-lifting

Question 34

What is more effective than strengthening exercises with post-polio syndrome?

Answer 34

Cardiopulmonary endurance training

Question 35

What angles categorize pulmonary dysfunction in kyphoscoliosis?

Answer 35

70 to 120 degrees some pulmonary dysfunction; >120 degrees – severe RLD and respiratory failure

Question 36

Clinical manifestation of kyphoscoliosis

Answer 36

Question 37

Treatment for Kyphoscoliosis

Answer 37

-Surgical replacement -orthotic devices and exercise -Good nutrition -General functional exercise and mild strength training

Question 38

What is Ankylosing Spondylitis?

Answer 38

Chronic inflammatory disease of the spine

Question 39

How is Ankylosing Spondylitis characterized?

Answer 39

By immobility of sacroiliac and vertebral joints and ossification of the paravertebral ligaments

Question 40

Treatment for ankylosing spondylitis

Answer 40

-NO CURE -Maintain good body alignment and thoracic mobility

Question 41

What is Pectus Excavatum?

Answer 41

Funnel chest

Question 42

What does severe pectus excavatum cause?

Answer 42

Decreased TLC, VC and MVV

Question 43

What is Pectus Carinatum?

Answer 43

Pigeon breast

Question 44

What is pectus carinatum associated with?

Answer 44

Prolonged childhood asthma

Question 45

What is rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer 45

Chronic inflammation of peripheral joints

Question 46

Clinical manifestation of Rheumatoid Arthritis?

Answer 46

Question 47

Rheumatoid Arthritis treatment

Answer 47

-Corticosteroids and immunosuppressant -Breathing exercises -Regular physical activity

Question 48

What is Systemic Lupus Erythematosus?

Answer 48

Chronic inflammatory connective tissue disorder

Question 49

What is the most common lung dysfunction in pleurisy?

Answer 49

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Question 50

What is the main issue with systemic lupus erythematosus?

Answer 50

Diaphragmatic weakness

Question 51

Clinical manifestation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Answer 51

Question 52

Restrictive lung dysfunction causes

Answer 52

A reduction in the volume of air being moved in and out

Question 53

What is lung compliance?

Answer 53

Lungs ability to stretch and expand

Question 54

How is lung compliance effected by Restrictive lung dysfunction?

Answer 54

-Lung compliance is decreased -Resistance to lung expansion is increased

Question 55

Lung volumes and capacities are ________ with restrictive lung dysfunction

Answer 55

Decreased

Question 56

Signs of restrictive lung dysfunction

Answer 56

Tachypnea Hypoxemia Decreased breath sounds Cor pulmonale

Question 57

Symptoms of restrictive lung conditions

Answer 57

Dyspnea Cough Weight loss Muscle wasting

Question 58

What arteries are are arterial blood gas samples taken from?

Answer 58

Brachial artery Radial artery Femoral artery

Question 59

What is the normal range for PaO2?

Answer 59

90-100 mmHg

Question 60

What is the normal range for PaCO2?

Answer 60

35-45 mmHg

Question 61

What is the normal range for pH?

Answer 61

7.35 - 7.45

Question 62

What pH level is considered acidic?

Answer 62

<7.35

Question 63

What pH level is considered alkalotic?

Answer 63

>7.45

Question 64

At what age does lung compliance begin to decrease?

Answer 64

20 years

Question 65

All restrictive lung conditions cause a decrease in ________

Answer 65

PaO2