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DPT830 (Exam #3) > Asthma > Flashcards

Asthma Flashcards

1
Q

What is asthma

A

chronic inflammation that leads to airway hyperresponsiveness

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2
Q

What are some common symptoms of Asthma patients?

A

Wheezing
Dyspnea
Chest tightness
Coughing

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3
Q

What is the Primary issue with asthma, as it relates to physiology?

A

Inflammation

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4
Q

Where is inflammation most pronounced

A

Medium-sized bronchi

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5
Q

Airway thickening is caused by what to airway smooth muscle?

A

Hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the airway smooth muscle

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6
Q

Airway hyper-responsiveness causes

A

Airway narrowing and remodeling

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7
Q

Subendothelial Fibrosis is caused by

A

deposition of collagen fibers underneath the basement membrane

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8
Q

What is the progressive Pathology of Asthma?

A

-Walls become inflamed and thicken
-air becomes trapped in alveoli
-Smooth muscles tighten

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9
Q

Predisposing factors of Asthma

A

Genetics
Race
Gender
Age (10-11 yrs)

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10
Q

Precipitating “triggers”

A

Environmental pollutants
Chemicals
Allergens
Exercise
Stress

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11
Q

How do you differentiate between symptoms of Asthma and COPD?

A

Asthma = usually asymptomatic between episodes
COPD = usually symptomatic

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12
Q

FEV1 is ______ in obstructive disorders

A

Reduced

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13
Q

FEV1/FVC is ______ in obstructive disorders

A

Reduced

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14
Q

FVC is _______ with obstructive disorders

A

Normal

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15
Q

What does a normal Spirometry Flow-Volume Loop look like?

A

Will descend in a straight or convex line

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16
Q

Flow-Volume curve for COPD

A

Typically angled

17
Q

What will the Loop Curve showcase in a Flow-Volume curve for Asthma?

A

Loop curve is smooth and concave

18
Q

What will Bronchial provocation testing showcase & suggest

A

> 20% decline in FEV1 following administration of irritants is suggestive of asthma

19
Q

Exercise benefits of asthma patients

A

-Increases cardiorespiratory fitness
-Increases work capacity
-Decreases dyspnea

20
Q

Exercise training may reduce:

A

-Airway inflammation
-Asthma severity
-# of days with symptoms
-# of ER visits
-Symptoms of anxiety & depression
-And improve health–related QOL

21
Q

Aerobic FIIT recommendations for Asthma

A

F: 3-5 days/week
I: Begin with moderate (40%-59% HRR)
T: Progressively increase to 30 to 40 minutes/day
T: Aerobic activities using large muscle groups brisk walking, running, cycling, swimming, or pool exercises

22
Q

Aerobic progression for Asthma patients

A

After 1 month, if tolerated increase:
F: 5 days/week
I: 60%-70% HRR

23
Q

Strength training FIIT for Asthma patients

A

F: 2-3 days/week
I:Strength: 60-70% of 1RM for beginners; >80% for experienced weight trainers
Endurance: <50% of 1RM
T: Strength: 2-4 x 8-12 | Endurance: 1-2 x 15-20
T: Weight machines, free weight, body weight exercises

24
Q

FIIT flexibility: Asthma Patients

A

F: >2-3 days/week (daily most effective)
I: Stretch to point of feeling tightness or slight comfort
T: 2-4 x10-30 second holds for static stretching (ea. exercise)
T: Static, dynamic, and/or PNF stretching

25
Q

What is an Exercise-Induced Bronchospasm (EIB)?

A
  1. Bronchodilation occurs in first 10 min of exercise
  2. Progressive bronchospasm peaking 10 minutes following completion of exercise
  3. Resolution of EIB over the next 60 min.
26
Q

Cut off for EIB

A

> 20% decline in FEV1 following exercise

27
Q

Prevention options for EIB

A

-Proper warm-up (15min)
-Cool-down (10min)
-Drink plenty of fluids
-Mask or scarf over mouth in cold temperatures
-swimming in non-chlorinated pool
-Pharmacologic intervention prior to exercise

28
Q

Medications for asthma

A

-Short-acting bronchodilators
-prolonged oral corticosteroid use

29
Q

Quick relief medications for asthma

A

Anticholinergics
Short-acting β2-agonists
Systemic corticosteroids

30
Q

Long-term medication for control of asthma

A

-Corticosteroids
-Long-acting β2-agonists
-Immunomodulators
-Leukotriene modifiers
-Methylxanthines

31
Q

How would you differentiate ashma from emphysema with Flow-Volume Tracings?

A

Asthma: Full Longitudinal Loop (pre)
Emphysema: Flat Loop (pre)

32
Q

How is the 6-minute walk test administered & scored?

A

1.) Total # of completed labs (+ partial laps)
2.) Calculate Total Distance Walked (laps x 200ft)
3.) Calculate Speed in mph
4.) Calculate METs

DPT830 (Exam #3) (7 decks)

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