Restrictive Lung Disease

Question 1

Failure of the respiratory system ___1___ the subjects ___2___ level and ____3____.

Answer 1

1. Reduces
2. Energy
3. Reserve

Question 2

List the types of Restrictive Lung Disease (3)

Answer 2

1. Pulmonary Fibrosis
2. Disease of the spine/chest wall
3. Disease of the neuro/MSK system

Question 3

Disease: Reduced lung volume, normal expiratory flow rates, less hypercapnia

Answer 3

Restrictive Lung Disease

Question 4

Those with RLD typically have ____1____ conditions and ____2____ ____3_____.

Answer 4

1. Chronic
2. Diffuse
3. Fibrosis

Question 5

Disease:

Relentlessly progressive disease

Lung tissue thickened, stiff, scarred

Causes range from autoimmune to occupational exposure

Typically in those > 65 yo

Median survival 2-3 yrs after Dx

Answer 5

Pulmonary Fibrosis

Question 6

List the types of Pulmonary Fibrosis (5)

Answer 6

1. Sarcoidosis
2. Lupus
3. Rheumatoid Disease
4. Scleroderma
5. IPF

Question 7

Disease:

Systemic granulomatous disease w/unknown etiology

African American

20-30 yo

F > M

Answer 7

Sarcoidosis (can be in any organ)

Question 8

Disease Signs and Symptoms:

Specific organ dysfunction

Cough/Dyspnea

Generalized weakness

Fatigue

Weight loss

Malaise

Fever

Answer 8

Sarcoidosis

Question 9

Disease:

Systemic Autoimmune Disease

Women of child bearing age

Chronic w/Remission and Exacerbation

Answer 9

Lupus

Question 10

Disease:

Systemic Disease with Pleuropulmonary Manifestation 50% of the time

F > M

Answer 10

Rheumatoid Disease

Question 11

Disease:

Involves blood vessels and connective tissue

F > M

Autoimmune, progressive, poor prognosis

Death due to pulmonary involvement

Answer 11

Progressive Systemic Sclerosis [Scleroderma]

Question 12

Disease:

Chronic, slow, progressive dyspnea

Chronic inflammation and fibrosis

Lacks causative relation w/known disease/etiologic agents

Middle aged

M > F

Answer 12

Idopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Question 13

Disease: Pathologic conditions of the respiratory tract that result direclty from the inhalation of gas or particular matter in the air

Answer 13

Environmental Lung Diseases

Question 14

List the categories of environmental pulmonary pathogens (4)

Answer 14

1. Infectious agents
2. Organic dust
3. Inorganic dust
4. Gases

Question 15

Disease: Caused by the inhalation of inorganic dust

Answer 15

Pneumoconioses

Question 16

Types of Pneumoconioses:

1. Silica
2. Silicates
3. Carbon [coal, graphite]

Answer 16

1. Silicosis
2. Asbestosis
3. Pneumoconioses

Question 17

Term: Elimination of fluid build up from pleural effusion

Answer 17

Pleurodesis

Question 18

Pleural effusion is a __________ process

Answer 18

Restrictive

Question 19

List the possible effects of inhalation of irritant gas (7)

Answer 19

1. Hyperemia
2. Edema
3. Epithelial Injury
4. Mucosal Sloughing
5. Coughing
6. Dyspnea
7. Cyanosis

Question 20

Term: Posterior curvature of the spine

Answer 20

Kyphosis

Question 21

Term: Lateral curvature of the spine

Answer 21

Scoliosis

Question 22

Term: Both posterior and lateral curvature of the spine

Answer 22

Kyphoscoliosis

Question 23

Term: Swayback

Answer 23

Lordosis

Question 24

List the disease of the Neuromuscular system that are related to Restrictive Lung Disease (4)

Answer 24

1. Myasthenia Gravis
2. Gilliam Barre
3. ALS
4. Quadraplegia

Question 25

Disease: Disease of the NMJ Mm weakness/fatigue Autoimmune F \> M Watch NIF and VC for changing condition

Answer 25

Myasthenia Gravis

Question 26

Disease: Acute form of inflammatory polyneuritis of unknown cause Effects peripheral nerves Young/Middle Aged Ascending Paralysis Watch NIF and VC for changing condition

Answer 26

Guillain-Barre Syndrome

Question 27

Term: Single breath inspiratory force that measures the strength of inspiratory mm

Answer 27

NIF

Question 28

Disease: Inflammatory or neolastic disease of the spinal cord

Answer 28

ALS

Question 29

List the muscles affected by the following levels: 1. C3-5 2. C5-6 3. T1-11 4. T8-12

Answer 29

1. Diaphragm 2. Scalenes 3. Intercostals 4. Abdominals

Question 30

Many times an \_\_\_\_\_1\_\_\_\_\_ onsets masks the developments of \_\_\_\_\_2\_\_\_\_\_\_ lung disease. \_\_\_\_\_\_3\_\_\_\_\_\_ diffusing capacity, caused by an alveolar wall \_\_\_\_\_4\_\_\_\_\_ leads to \_\_\_\_\_5\_\_\_\_\_ lung compliance, \_\_\_\_\_6\_\_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_\_7\_\_\_\_\_. These patients are at high risk for \_\_\_\_\_8\_\_\_\_\_.

Answer 30

1. Insidious 2. Restrictive 3. Decreased 4. Tickening (fibrosis) 5. Decreased 6. Hypoxia 7. Hypocarbia 8. Pneumonia

Question 31

All lung disease, whether obstructive or restrictive may lead to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.

Answer 31

Pneumonia

Question 32

Disease: Acute inflammation process that effects the gas exchange units of the lung Response to inflammation = fluid/RBC's pour into alveoli (clog things up) PMN/Macrophages move in Consolidation occrus

Answer 32

Pneumonia

Question 33

Term: Alveoli become filled with fluid

Answer 33

Consolidation

Question 34

Anything on CXR in the \_\_\_1\_\_\_ of the lung is potentially \_\_2\_\_.

Answer 34

1. Apex 2. TB

Question 35

Disease: Gradual or Arupt onset Maliaise, chills, fevers, cough, chest pain, dyspnea Pleural effusion

Answer 35

Pneumonia

Question 36

Pneumonia: With no necrosis, \_\_\_\_\_1\_\_\_\_\_ without sequelae is expected. With \_\_\_\_\_2\_\_\_\_\_ changes, fibrous \_\_3\_\_ tissue develops and there may be measurable loss of \_\_\_4\_\_\_ function

Answer 36

1. Resolution 2. Destructive 3. Scar 4. Lung

Question 37

Patients with RLD need continual ____ \_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.

Answer 37

Low, flow, oxygen