Normal EKG Flashcards
Portion of EKG: artrial depolarization
P wave
Term: Straight line on EKG [baseline]
Isoelectric [Line]
Portion of EKG: Delay at AV node
PR Segment
Define the PR interval
P wave + PR segment
Portion of EKG: 1st downward relfection in the complex
Q wave
Portion of EKG: 1st upward deflection of complex
R wave
Portion of EKG: Ventricular repolarization
ST Segment
Portion of EKG: Looks at the timing of the complex and repolarization
QT Interval
The primary concern is to determine whether the _____1_____ of rhythm is the _____2_____ or another area (____3____).
- Source
- SA Node
- Ectopic
Define Sinus Rhythm
P wave for every QRS complex
Term: Beginning of ST segment
J Point
P Waves: Represent ______1______ of the atrial myocardium. The normal P wave is no wider than __2__ sec or under __3__ little boxes and not taller than __4__ mm. Taller indicated ____5____. The wave is not ___6___ or ____7____. If it were it would indicate that they atria are ______8_______.
- Depolarization
- 0.11
- 3
- 3
- Hypertrophy
- Notched
- Peaked
- unsynchronized
P Waves: Positive and rounded in leads _1_, _2_, ___3___ in __4__% of normals. Usually upright in ____5____. ____6____ P waves in these leads are either abnormal or due to ____7____ ___8___ _____9_____. Negative in ___10___. Positive, negative, or biphasic in lead __11__, __12__, and ___13___.
- I
- II
- aVF
- 94
- V4-V6
- Inverted
- Improper
- Lead
- Placement
- aVR
- III
- aVL
- V1-V3
PR Interval: Represents atrial depolarization plus the __1__ ___2___ at the __3__ node to optimize _____4_____ filling. Normal lengths is ____5____ sec. Increased length indicates a __6__ ____7____ ____8____.
- Normal
- Delay
- AV
- Ventricular
- 0.12-0.20
- 1st
- Degree
- Block
PR Segment: Begins at the end of the P wave and ends with the onset of the ___1___ ____2____. Should be _____3_____. Can be elevated with ___4___ ____5____ or _____6_____.
- QRS
- Complex
- Isoelectric
- Atrial
- Infarction
- Pericarditis
QRS Complex: Represents depolarization of the _____1______ myocardium. All ____2____ waves in the complex are labeled R waves. The Q wave which represents the ___3___ tissue which is why it is so ____4____. The Q wave should be __5__ the height of the R wave, if taller it is considered _____6_____. If the R wave is peaked the ventricles are out of ___7___ and the are labed _8_ __9__ and _10_ ____11____
- Ventricular
- Positive
- Septal
- Small
- 1/3
- Pathological
- Sync
- R
- Wave
- R
- Prime
Not all leads record a _1_ wave. Normal Q waves represent ___2___ depolarization. Normal Q waves are only present in leads _3_, __4__, __5__, and __6__. Q waves are small in ___7___ and __8__. Q waves should be less than __9__ sec and no deep than __10__ of the QRS complex.
- Q
- Septal
- I
- aVL
- V5
- V6
- aVF
- V5
- 0.04
- 1/3
Describe the importance of a narrow QRS and implications of a wide QRS
Narrow = for adequate SV need high speed to get all the blood out
Wide = hypertrophy, noncompliant/scar tissue/damage to bundle of HIS
**Taller than 25-30 mm = Ventricular Hypertrophy [Bigger in V1-2 = R side; V5-6 = L side]
R wave: Starts of primarily negative (rS) in __1__ and gradually becomes primary positive (qRs) with the _____2_____ R wave in __3__ or __4__. The transition occurs in __5__ and __6__. Normally the R wave in __7__ is always less in the R wave in __8__.
- V1-V2
- Tallest
- V5
- V6
- V3
- V4
- V6
- V5
Small R wave, large S wave in _________. Bigger R wave, small S wave in _________.
V1-V2, V5-V6
_____ __ ______ ___________: R waves do not begin to dominate QRS until V5 or V6. This may represent infarction or injury of the anterior LV and carries almost as much significance as Q waves
Poor R Wave Progression
Portion of the EKG: Represents the time when ventricular cells are in the plateau phase
ST Segment
Portion of the EKG: represent a time when the ventricles are in their absolute refractory period and will not respond to stimulation
QRS and ST Segment
ST segment should be ____1____ can have a ____2____ contour. ST elevation indicates ____3____ while ST depression indicates _____4_____. The two can be seen together.
- Isoelectric
- Smooth
- Infarction
- Ischemia
T wave: Represents ______1______ of the ventricles. _____2____ time the ventricles can response to another stimulus usually coincides with the __3__ of the T wave. The T wave should have the same poliarity as the ______4______. Dozens of conditions cause abnormal looking T waves in leads with _____5_____ QRS waveforms. T waves are very ____6____ and not as reliable as __7__ changes.
- Repolarization
- Earliest
- Apex
- QRS Complex
- Positive
- Fickle
- ST
Describe the difference in depolarization between the heart and skeletal mm.
The heart depolarizes all together as opposed to after the depolarization passes through channel by channel. This allows maximal filling time.
Describe the flat line between the P wave and the QRS complex
B/t the P wave and QRS complex the AV node fires. The AV node is thicker, it takes longer for the signal to get through, this delay is needed to optimize filling, thus the isoeletric line.
