Restrictive Diseases Flashcards
Silicosis
pneumoconiosis
impairs phagolysosome formation by macrophages
increased risk for TB
fibrotic nodules in upper lung
Key finding is sarcoidosis
non-caseating granulomas
also seen in Berylliosis
(Beryllium pneumoconiosis)
Etiology of idiopathic pulmonary fiboris
TGF-β
(transforming growth factor β)
given off by cyclically damaged pneumocytes
induces fibrosis
Drugs that classically result in pulmonary fiboris
bleomycin
amioderone
Pneumoconioses
definition
interstitium fibrosis due to occupational exposure
to fibrogenic agents
coal, silica, beryllium, asbestis
Tx of sarcoid
steroids
Asbestis cancers
lung carcinoma > mesothelioma
Serum findings in sarcoidosis
elevated serum ACE
hypercalcemia
asbestos bodies
chains of macrophages laden with carbon
Black lung
disease
coal workers’ pneumoconiosis
Key cells in sarcoidosis
epithelioid histiocytes
Spirometry findings in restrictive lung diseases
very low FVC
low FEV1
high FEV1:FVC ratio
*this makes sense because blowing out isn’t a problem, it’s having a forced vital capacity at all that matters
*can’t get air in = blow less out
Epithelioid histiocytes
sarcoidosis cell
produce non-caseating granulmas
contain 1-α hydroxylase
⇒ hypercalcemia
Sarcoidosis most commonly affects
hilar lymph nodes and lungs
Black lines on surface of lung
anthrocosis
carbon-laden macrophages
from environmental pollution
