Restoration Flashcards
1
Q
What were the weaknesses of Richard Cromwell’s Protectorate?
A
- Finance
+ Cost of war had out the gov under strain
+ failing to pay the army - Divisions
+ Richard was unable to exclude MPs from the Third Protectorate parliament - heavily divided
2
Q
How did the Protectorate come to an end?
A
- Richard did not have the leverage within the army that his father had enjoyed and lost contact with the Grandes
- He allowed parliament to discuses reducing the army and limit religous toleration - final straw for Grandes
- 22nd April 1659 Dissolved third protectorate parliament
3
Q
Why was the Rump recalled?
A
- Army was divided about whether or not to support a continued Protectorate
- 7th May 1959 recall the Rump Parliament
4
Q
What is the Humble petition and Address of the Officers?
A
- 15 articles of the Fundamentals of out good old cause and recommended the restoration of a Commonwealth, without a king, single person or House of Lords but did endorse the creation of a senate made up of able and faithful persons, eminent for Godliness
5
Q
What was the George Booth’s Rising?
A
- August 1659
- Opposition to the Commonwealth had grown in the 1650s
- Penruddock’s Rising of March 1655 was an attempt to overthrow Cromwell’s regime
- August, Booth mobilised an army and smaller rising around the midlands - local militia rose against Booth - 19th August defeated
6
Q
Dismissal of the Rump?
A
- Rump began to discuss how to add members without calling elections
- Tensions rose - Haselrig ordered the closure of the doors to the common which manovered Rump into expelling from the army those he considered to be “ringleaders”
- 13th October - Lamberts men were stopping MPs from entering the Rump parliament
7
Q
What is the committee of Saftey?
A
- 27th October 1659
- interim government was put into place as a committee of safety
+ within two months, the judicial system was down, London was turning towards Anarchism - By December it was clear that the committee had failed
8
Q
How was Prides Purge revsered?
A
- 26th December 1659 - Rump returned
- Presbyterians and Royalists were equally vocal
- There was still disorder between parliament and the Army
9
Q
The end of the long Parliament?
A
- The recall of the members who had been excluded by Prides Purge meant that the session of parliament began 21st February 1660
- New elections for a fresh parliament were called
10
Q
Negotiations for the return of the monarchy under Charles II?
A
- Whiles Charles Stuart had abandoned his attempt to take over the country - news of the failure of the Safety committee encouraged him to envision a political take over
- Presbyterian Knot - men that still desired a settlement with the king and privileges of Parliament
11
Q
What is the Declaration of Brea?
A
- 4th April 1660
- covered all the significant topics that would be issues in a restoration of the monarchy without committing Charles to any specific action
12
Q
When was the Convention Parliament?
A
25th April 1660
13
Q
What was the Convention Parliament?
A
- Fresh elections returned a new HoC
- They debated the terms of the Declaration of Breda
- 8th May declared Charles Stuart king
14
Q
What is the Indemnity Act?
A
- some parliamentarians were not seen as traitors
- The people that signed the death warrant for Charles I were excluded from the Indemnity Act and executed as traitors
15
Q
What is the legacy of the English Revolution by 1660?
A
- Restoration settlement dated the start of Charles II reign to Jan 1649
