Restless Earth Flashcards
Inner core
Solid
Outer core
Molten
Structure of the earth
Crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
Constructive plate margins
Where the plates move apart.
Mainly under oceans.
Magma can come up between the cracks and new land is form (basalt), can form shallow sided volcanoes.
Small earth quakes (as it tears apart), small volcanoes, no tsunami due to high frequency.
Collision plate margins
Two continental plates collide.
Forms fold mountains.
Destructive earthquakes.
Conservative plate margin
The plates slide past each other.
Due to different movement in direction and speeds the get stuck caused by frictions and the release of energy causes an earthquake.
Rare but very destructive earthquakes.
Destructive plate margins.
Oceanic and continental crust collide, continental goes over the oceanic due to oceanic crust being heavier and more dense.
Cause oceanic trenches, volcanoes and earthquakes.
Young fold mountain
Younger than 65 million years
Anticline
Upfold of folded rocks
Syncline
Downfold of folded rocks
Overfold
Where a fold has been pushed over on one side
Ocean trenches (depth)
Typically 5000- 10000 meters
Shield volcanoes
Low silica- makes it runny and flow for longer distances. Made of lava only. Regular and frequent eruptions. Little violence. Hawaii.
Composite volcanoes
Destructive plate margins.
High silica content- thicker and travels shorter distances.
Explosive eruptions.
Ash and dust are shower over a wide area during the eruption.
Made of alternate layers of ash and lava.
How much material do super volcanoes output minimum
1,000km^3
