responding to antigens Flashcards
2 mechanical/physical barriers for a plant
bark (layer of dead cells) and waxy cuticle on leaves
2 chemical barriers for plants
antimicrobial enzymes and essential oils that function as toxins
what are the pattern recognition molecules on leukocytes
toll like receptors (TLRs)
what are the molecules common to a range of pathogens, used by leukocytes to identify them
Pathogen Associated Molecular Pattern (PAMP)
what are phagocytes
immune cells that are able to engulf and break down pathogens
2 main APCs
macrophages and dendritic cell
what are MHCs
molecules on the bodies cells that present self and non-self antigens to lymphocytes
what MHC is found on all nucleated cells
MHC - I
what MHC is found on APCs`
MHC - II
type of cells involved in the adaptive immune response
lymphocytes
what lymphocytes in cell mediated immunity
T cells
what lymphocytes in humoral immunity
B cells
what is clonal expansion
the production of a large number of identical cells from a single cell
what is clonal selection
when a lymphocyte is ‘selected’ by an antigen and creates clones of itself
what is an antigen
a molecule or part of a molecule that is able to initiate an immune response
