human change over time

Question 1

features of primates

Answer 1

five digits with opposable thumbs and nails not claws, forward facing eyes (binocular coloured vision), flexible shoulder joint, relatively large cranial capacity, long gestational period

Question 2

classification of humans

Answer 2

kingdom - animals
phylum - vertebrate
class - mammals
order - primates
superfamily - hominoid
family - hominid 
subfamily - hominin 
genus - homo 
species - homo sapians

Question 3

define extant

Answer 3

still in existence

Question 4

features of hominoids

Answer 4

larger and more complex brains than other primates, relatively broad pallets and nasal regions, molar teeth, relatively long upper limbs, wide chest, absence of a tail

Question 5

characteristics of hominins

Answer 5

bipedal

Question 6

morphological changes from Hominins to Homo Sapien

Answer 6

enlargement of cranial size, flattening of face, loss of brow ridges, lesser prominence of and smaller jaw, smaller teeth.

Question 7

arboreal lifestyle meaning

Answer 7

living in trees

Question 8

first homo species to be found outside of africa

Answer 8

homo erectus

Question 9

first homo species to use tools

Answer 9

homo habilus and homo rudolfensis

Question 10

when did homo sapiens evolve

Answer 10

around 130,000 years ago

Question 11

first species to use fire

Answer 11

homo erectus

Question 12

when did genus homo arise

Answer 12

around 2.5 mya

Question 13

advantages of bipedalism

Answer 13

reduced exposure to sun, less energy to travel - able to travel further, hands free for other tasks, able to see further

Question 14

characteristics of mammals

Answer 14

mammary glands, three bones in ear, teeth, neocortex

Question 15

evidence of bipedalism

Answer 15

forward located foramen magnum, tibia at angle to femur, arched feet and heels, absence of prehensile toe, shorter and wider pelvis

Question 16

prehensile toe

Answer 16

toe that acts as an opposable thumb