Respitory system Flashcards
upper anatomy includes
nose pharynx larynx trachea
lower anatomy includes
bronchi/bronchioles
aveoli
where does air enter the system by
nose
where does nose lead too
nasal cavity
how many chambers in the nose divided into
2 seprated by septum
what do turbiates do
warms and mostiens incoming air
what does cilia and mucous do
traps partical in air and protects
three section of the pharynx
nusopharynx oropharynx larynxpharanx
whats eustachian tubes do
connects nusopharynx to middle ear
which way does air flow in the larynx
into
laraynx function
prevents anything other than air entering lungs
whats the laraynx made of
cartilage
where are vocal ligaments found
larynx
what enter trachea
air
what does the trachea extend the length of
neck
whats the trachea made of
cartilage rings
what does the carilage rings in neck do
brings about movement
what keeps trachea open
muscle
how many sections is the trachea divided into
2
where does the section of the trachea enter
lungs
whats the bronchioles surrounded by
cartilage rings
whats bronchi divided into
smaller tubes
whats aveoli surrounded by
blood vessels
what structure if aveoli
sac like structure
what are lungs divided into
lobes
how many lobes in left lung
3 lobes for cat/dog 2 for horse
how many lobes in right lungs
4 lobes in dog/cat 3 in horse
What’s inspiration?
Breathing in
Which muscle contract during breathing
Diaphragm muscles between ribs
Does the volume of thoracic cavity increase or decrease during breathing
Increase
Which way during breathing in does lungs pull
Outwords
What’s expiration?
Breathing out
Do muscles contract while breathing out
No
While breathing out does the volume of thoracic cavity increase or decrease
Decrease
What happens to the pressure in lungs when breathing out
Rise
When do lings collapse
When breathing out
What happens to pressure and volume when lungs expand
Volume increase pressure drop
What happens to volume and pressure of lungs when they contract
Volume decrease pressure increase
What does inspitory centre do
Controls inspiration
What’s expitory centre do
Controls expiration
What is in control of rate and depth of respiration
Stretch and chemo receptors
What’s pin and medulla
Structure in brain
What does stretch reseptors do
Sense stretch in lungs
What measures ph and oxygen levels
Chemoreceptors
What’s peripheral
Walls of aorta and carotid artery
Where’s central
Medulla of brain
What’s 0 ph
Acidic
7 ph
Neural
14 ph
Alkaline
What do cells produce during respiration
Co2
What’s respiration cycle
Patient breathing
Cat respiratory rate
20-30
Dog res rate
10-30
Rabbit res rate
30-60
Mouse res rate
100-250
Horse res rate
8-20
African parrot res rate
15-45
Corn snake res rate
6-10
Purpose of trachea cartilage rings?
Allows flexibility of neck or keep trachea open
Identify alternative names for internal nostrils
Choana
Function of three different nasal turbinates
The base and maxilla ethmotubinates covered in mucous membranes which functions to warm and moisten air
The ethomotubilates also contain olfactory receptors which send scent signals to the olfactory bulb of the brain
How many loves in left long
3(dog) 2(horse)
How many Right lung lobes
4 lobes(dog) 3 (horse)
What’s the lung covered by
Pulmonary pelura
What does the pleural space contain
Vacuum
Why does the ph change in the blood during respiration
High levels of carbon dioxide (hypercapnia) lowers the ph by making it more acidic
What do chemoreceptors do
Detects change in blood and send signal to the inspiratpey center of the brain
Where are the stretch receptors
In the alls of the bronchi or bronchioles
