Respitory and Circulatory systems

Question 1

What is the the respiratory systems function?

Answer 1

To bring oxygen in and move carbon dioxide out of the body.

Question 2

What is the circulatory systems function?

Answer 2

To transport both substances (oxygen and carbon) from the lungs to the cells and from cells back to the lungs.

Question 3

Where does the air travel once breathed in?

Answer 3

Air that is breathed in moves down the trachea, into the lungs - through the bronchi then bronchioles into the air sacs at the end called alveoli.

Question 4

Where does oxygen move into the blood and carbon dioxide move out of the blood.

Answer 4

The alveoli

Question 5

Make a list of where the air travels once breathed in (first to last)

Answer 5

Oxygen-nose or mouth-Trachea-Bronchi-Bronchioles-Alveoli

Question 6

Blood that flows into the lungs returning from the body cells contains what?

Answer 6

high CO2 and low O2

Question 7

How does CO2 leave the aveoli and get breathed out?

Answer 7

O2 will diffuse from the alveoli into the blood and will be taken to the body cells.

Question 8

Gases move between the alveoli and the blood by what process?

Answer 8

Diffusion

Question 9

What is diffusion?

Answer 9

Diffusion is the movement of molecules from where there are lots to where there are less.

Question 10

Where does diffusion occur in the body (through what)

Answer 10

In the body, diffusion occurs across cell membranes

Question 11

What does diffusion rely on?

Answer 11

Diffusion does not use energy but relies on the movement of particles.

Question 12

What does the circulatory system transport?

Answer 12

The circulatory system transports oxygen and nutrients to the cells and wastes like carbon dioxide away from them.

Question 13

What is blood carried in?

Answer 13

Blood is carried in blood vessels – arteries, capillaries and veins.

Question 14

How does blood move in blood vessels?

Answer 14

The blood is moved through these vessels by a powerful pump called the heart.

Question 15

A simple definition of the heart:

Answer 15

The heart is a four-chambered pump.

Question 16

Describe the chambers of the heart:

Answer 16

It has two atria (top chambers) and two ventricles (bottom chambers).

Question 17

What leaves the atria and ventricles, and the ventricles and vessels?

Answer 17

Special pieces of tissue called valves.

Question 18

Valves do what?

Answer 18

Make sure the blood only flows in one direction through the heart.

Question 19

What does the right side of the heart do?

Answer 19

The right side of the heart receives blood returning from the body, low in oxygen (deoxygenated) and pumps it to the lungs.

Question 20

What does the left side of the heart do?

Answer 20

The left side of the heart receives blood returning from the lungs, high in oxygen (oxygenated) and pumps it to the body.

Question 21

Where does blood enter the heart?

Answer 21

Blood enters the right side of the heart through the vena cava into the right atrium. It passes through a valve into the right ventricle and then through another valve into the pulmonary arteries to the lungs.

Question 22

Where does blood return to the heart?

Answer 22

Blood returns from the lungs to the left side of the heart through the pulmonary veins into the left atrium.
It passes through a valve to the left ventricle and through a final valve into the aorta and around the body.

Question 23

What are the 3 types of blood vessels?

Answer 23

Arteries, Capillaries, and viens

Question 24

Describe Capillaries

Answer 24

Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels in the body
They are the site of exchange of materials (like oxygen, nutrients and wastes) between the cells and the blood

Question 25

Describe Arteries

Answer 25

Arteries carry blood from the heart
Generally, arteries will carry oxygenated blood (except the pulmonary arteries)

Question 26

Describe viens

Answer 26

Veins carry blood to the heart
Generally, veins will carry deoxygenated blood (except the pulmonary veins)

Question 27

What is oxygen carried by?

Answer 27

The oxygen is carried by haemoglobin, a special molecule found in red blood cells.

Question 28

What happens when blood reaches cells?

Answer 28

When this blood reaches the cells, the oxygen is released from the haemoglobin and diffuses into the cells to be used for cellular respiration.

Question 29

How does carbon dioxide exit the cells (simple def)

Answer 29

Carbon dioxide (waste from cellular respiration) will move from the cells into the blood to be returned to the lungs and breathed out.