Nutrients

Question 1

What are nutrients?

Answer 1

Nutrients are substances found in food that are essential for our bodies to function.

Question 2

What do nutrients provide for our bodies?

Answer 2

Nutrients provide energy and materials for cell function, growth and repair.

Question 3

What are the 5 main groups of nutrients?

Answer 3

The five main groups of nutrients are: Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, Vitamins, Minerals

Question 4

What are Carbohydrates and give examples of what they can be found in (food)

Answer 4

Carbohydrates are sugars, starches and fibre found in foods like fruit, vegetables, grains and dairy products.

Question 5

What are carbohydrates that can be found simple in structure called?

Answer 5

Carbohydrates can be simple in structure called monosaccharides and disaccharides like glucose and sucrose.
These supply energy to cells for cellular respiration.

Question 6

What are carbohydrates that can be found complex in structure called?

Answer 6

Carbohydrates can also be complex structures called polysaccharides like starch and cellulose.

Question 7

What is special about starch?

Answer 7

Starch can be broken down into energy, or stored and cellulose is also known as fibre

Question 8

What are proteins?

Answer 8

Proteins are molecules that have many roles in the cell. They are building blocks essential for cell growth and repair in tissues like muscle, bone, hair and skin.

Question 9

What are proteins made of?

Answer 9

Proteins are made of smaller units call amino acids.

Question 10

Give a few examples of what proteins are important in.

Answer 10

enzymes, hormones, and carriers like haemoglobin

Question 11

What are lipids?

Answer 11

Lipids are molecules also known as fats and oils

Question 12

Lipids have important roles in?

Answer 12

cell membranes and some chemicals like hormones

Question 13

What is a property of lipids?

Answer 13

They can also provide and store energy

Question 14

Lipids are made up of?

Answer 14

glycerol and fatty acids

Question 15

What are vitamins?

Answer 15

Vitamins are organic nutrients that are required in only small amounts

Question 16

What can a lack of vitamines lead to?

Answer 16

A lack of some vitamins can lead to vitamin-deficiency diseases like scurvy (vitamin C) and rickets (vitamin D).

Question 17

Vitamines can be found in?

Answer 17

Vitamins are found in a wide variety of foods like fruit, vegetables, eggs, dairy, fish and grains.

Question 18

What are minerals?

Answer 18

Like vitamins, minerals are inorganic nutrients required in small amounts.

Question 19

What do minerals have a important role in?

Answer 19

muscle function and the immune system.

Question 20

Minerals are essential for building structures like?

Answer 20

haemoglobin, bone and teeth.

Question 21

What are Essential non-nutrients?

Answer 21

They are not used for energy, growth or repair but are essential for health.
These are water and fibre.

Question 22

Water makes up what fraction of our bodies?

Answer 22

2/3

Question 23

What does water make up in our bodies?

Answer 23

It makes up our cell cytoplasm and blood

Question 24

Water is found in what foods?

Answer 24

Water is found in food like fruit, vegetables and dairy

Question 25

What is a few things water does for our bodies?

Answer 25

It helps remove wastes from the body, keeps skin healthy, joints moving and regulates body temperature

Question 26

What does fibre play a important role in?

Answer 26

Digestive function

Question 27

What is fibre?

Answer 27

Fibre is a carbohydrate (cellulose) that cannot be digested by humans

Question 28

What a thing fibre is essential in the process of (Digestive function)

Answer 28

It helps material to move through the digestive system properly

Question 29

Fibre is found in what food?

Answer 29

Fibre is found in food that comes from plants