Respitory

Question 1

oxygen:

Answer 1

a gas in the air (and water) that animals need to breathe in; made up of particles with two oxygen atoms. Plants produce oxygen as part of photosynthesis.

Question 2

cellular respiration:

Answer 2

the chemical reaction involving oxygen that moves the energy in glucose into the compound ATP. The body is able to use the energy contained in ATP.

Question 3

glucose:

Answer 3

a simple carbohydrate and the simplest form of sugar

Question 4

carbon dioxide:

Answer 4

a gas in the air produced by respiration and used by plants as part of photosynthesis. The burning of fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide.

Question 5

respiratory system:

Answer 5

the body system involving the lungs and associated structures, which take in air and supply the blood with oxygen to deliver to the body’s cells so they can carry out their essential functions; it also performs gas exchange to remove the waste gas carbon dioxide

Question 6

trachea:

Answer 6

narrow tube from the mouth to the lungs through which air moves

Question 7

lungs:

Answer 7

the organ for breathing air. Gas exchange occurs in the lungs.

Question 8

bronchi:

Answer 8

the narrow tubes through which air passes from the trachea to the smaller bronchioles and alveoli in the respiratory system. Singular = bronchus.

Question 9

bronchioles:

Answer 9

small branching tubes in the lungs leading from the two larger bronchi to the alveoli

Question 10

alveoli:

Answer 10

tiny air sacs in the lungs at the ends of the narrowest tubes. Oxygen moves from alveoli into the surrounding blood vessels, in exchange for carbon dioxide.

Question 11

pulmonary vein:

Answer 11

the vessel through which oxygenated blood travels from your lungs to the heart

Question 12

aorta:

Answer 12

a large artery through which oxygenated blood is pumped at high pressure from the left ventricle of the heart to the body

Question 13

arterioles:

Answer 13

vessels that transport oxygenated blood from the arteries to the capillaries

Question 14

venules:

Answer 14

small veins

Question 15

pulmonary artery:

Answer 15

the vessel through which deoxygenated blood, carrying wastes from respiration, travels from the heart to the lungs

Question 16

diaphragm:

Answer 16

flexible, dome-shaped, muscular layer separating the chest and the abdomen. It is involved in breathing.

Question 17

vital capacity:

Answer 17

the largest volume of air that can be breathed in or out at one time

Question 18

breathing:

Answer 18

movement of muscles in the chest causing air to enter the lungs and the altered air in the lungs to leave. The air entering the lungs contains more oxygen and less carbon dioxide than the air leaving the lungs.