Geology

Question 1

Igneous

Answer 1

Rocks that form through the cooling of lava and magma

Question 2

Magma

Answer 2

Hot fluid that is not able to be found below the Earths Surface

Question 3

Lava

Answer 3

Magma that is able to be found above the Earths surface

Question 4

Extrusive

Answer 4

Igneous rocks that form above the Earths surface

Question 5

Intrusive

Answer 5

Igneous rocks that form below the Earths surface

Question 6

Mineral

Answer 6

A natural occurring substance of rock

Question 7

Lithosphere

Answer 7

The outer layer of the Earth

Question 8

Asthenosphere

Answer 8

The upper layer of the Earths mantle

Question 9

Crystal

Answer 9

A piece of a homogeneous solid substance

Question 10

Sedimentary Rocks

Answer 10

A rock that has been formed through the deposition and solidification of sediment

Question 11

Erosian

Answer 11

The process of eroding or being eroded by wind or water

Question 12

Floodpains

Answer 12

Level land that may be submerged by floodwaters

Question 13

Glaciers

Answer 13

A slowly moving mass or river of ice

Question 14

Moraines

Answer 14

A mass of rocks and sediment carried down and deposited by a glacier

Question 15

Sandstone

Answer 15

Sedimentary rock consisting of sand or quartz grains cemented together

Question 16

Mudstone

Answer 16

A dark sedimentary rock formed from consolidated mud

Question 17

Shale

Answer 17

Soft finely stratified sedimentary rock that formed from consolidated mud or clay and can be split easily into fragile plates.

Question 18

Siltstone

Answer 18

Fine-grained sedimentary rock consisting of consolidated silt

Question 19

Conglomerate

Answer 19

A coarse-grained sedimentary rock composed of rounded fragments embedded in a matrix of cementing material such as silica

Question 20

Limestone

Answer 20

A hard sedimentary rock, composed mainly of calcium carbonate or dolomite, used as building material and in the making of cement

Question 21

Coal

Answer 21

A combustible black or dark brown rock consisting chiefly of carbonized plant matter, found mainly in underground seams and used as fuel

Question 22

Rock Salt

Answer 22

Is a type of salt, the mineral (natural) form of sodium chloride

Question 23

Metamorphic rocks

Answer 23

A metamorphic rock is a result of a transformation of a pre-existing rock. The original rock is subjected to very high heat and pressure, which cause obvious physical and/or chemical changes.

Question 24

Metamorphism

Answer 24

Alteration of the composition or structure of a rock by heat, or pressure

Question 25

Mineral

Answer 25

A mineral is a naturally occurring chemical compound, usually of crystalline form and abiogenic in origin. A mineral has one specific chemical composition, whereas a rock can be an aggregate of different minerals or mineraloids.

Question 26

Ores

Answer 26

An ore is an occurrence of rock or sediment that contains sufficient minerals with economically important elements, typically metals, that can be economically extracted from the deposit.

Question 27

Mining

Answer 27

Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth, usually from an orebody, lode, vein, seam, reef or placer deposit. These deposits form a mineralized package that is of economic interest to the miner.

Question 28

Environmental Impact Statement

Answer 28

An environmental impact statement (EIS), under United States environmental law, is a document required by the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) for certain actions "significantly affecting the quality of the human environment". An EIS is a tool for decision making.

Question 29

Rehabilitated

Answer 29

Return (something, especially a building or environmental feature) to its former condition.

Question 30

Overburden

Answer 30

Rock or soil overlying a mineral deposit, archaeological site, or other underground feature.

Question 31

Open-cut mining

Answer 31

Open-pit, open-cast or open cut mining is a surface mining technique of extracting rock or minerals from the earth by their removal from an open pit or borrow.

Question 32

Underground Mining

Answer 32

Underground hard rock mining refers to various underground mining techniques used to excavate hard minerals, usually those containing metals such as ore containing gold, silver, iron, copper, zinc, nickel, tin and lead, but also involves using the same techniques for excavating ores of gems such as diamonds.

Question 33

Stone Age

Answer 33

The Stone Age was a broad prehistoric period during which stone was widely used to make implements with an edge, a point, or a percussion surface.

Question 34

Alloy

Answer 34

An alloy is a mixture of metals or a mixture of a metal and another element. Alloys are defined by a metallic bonding character. An alloy may be a solid solution of metal elements or a mixture of metallic phases.

Question 35

Flint

Answer 35

A hard grey rock consisting of nearly pure silica (chert), occurring chiefly as nodules in chalk.

Question 36

Percussion Flaking

Answer 36

Definition of percussion flaking. : the shaping of a stone implement by striking or chipping off flakes with another stone or a piece of wood, bone, or antler — compare pressure flaking.

Question 37

Fossil

Answer 37

Any remains, impression, or trace of an animal or plant of a former geological age; evidence of life in the past

Question 38

Folding

Answer 38

The buckling of rocks. It is caused when rocks are under pressure from both sides.

Question 39

Paleontologists

Answer 39

A scientist who studies fossils

Question 40

Relative Age

Answer 40

The age of a rock compared with the age of another rock

Question 41

Carnivores

Answer 41

Animal that eats other animals

Question 42

Scavengers

Answer 42

Animals that eat dead plant and animal material

Question 43

Mould

Answer 43

Cavity in a rock that shows the shape of the hard parts of an organism; types of fungi found growing on the surface of foods

Question 44

Trace Fossils

Answer 44

Fossils that provide evidence, such as footprints, that an organism was present when the rock was formed

Question 45

Extinct

Answer 45

Describes volcanoes that are no longer active. Extinct volcanoes have not erupted for thousands of years and show no sign of future eruption.