respiritory system Flashcards
describe the jeorny of air
air gets inhaled into the nostril / mouth and enters the nasal cavity/oral cavity . it travels past the pharynx then the larynx and enters the trachea . it ten travels down adn enters the lungs through the left or right main bronchus where it splits off into the bronchioles, it travels into through the alvioli duct and into the alvioli sac .
what dose the nasal cavity do ?
filters the air that you breath in
what is the perpouse of the pharynx ?
helps to breath and digest food
what is the perpouse of the epiglottis ?
a flap of tissue that prevents food from entering the trachea
what is the larynx ?
the voice box
what is the trachea ?
the wind pipe conecting the laryx to the lungs
what are the bonchi ?
conects trachea to left and right lung
what are the bronchioles ?
air pasages inside the lungs
what are the alvioli ?
smallest air pasages that carry out gasiouse exchange in the lungs
what is the muscle in the neck that helps with breathing called?
sternocleidomastoid
what chest muscle is active during inspiration and expiration ?
pectorals major
what muscles are used during inspiration during exersise ?
sternoclieidomastoids (elivate the sternum)
scalenes ( elivate the upper ribs )
external intercostiles (elivate the ribcage )
diaphram
what muscles are used during experation during exersise ?
intercastiles (depressed ribcage)
external obleques
rectus abdominals
what dose tidal volume mean ?
resting value ?
the amount of air that moves in or out of the lungs with each respiritory cycle
0.5L
what dose minute ventilation mean ?
resting value ?
the mesaurement of air that enters the lungs per minute
5-8Lpm
what dose breathing frequency mean ?
resting value ?
the normal rate of breathing for an individual .
12/18 Bpm
what happens in the lungs when a person inhales ?
the volume in th elungs increases meaning the presure in the lungs decreaces .
what happend in the lungs when a person exhales ?
the lungs decreace in volume meaning the preasure in the lungs increases .
explain gass exchange
there is a high consentration of oxegen in the alvioli and low consentration of oxegen in the capillaries this created a consentration gradient that allows diffusion to happen esaily, capillaries and alvioli have thin walls for a shor difusion path .
what dose partial preasure mean?
the preasure of a single type of gass in a mixture of gasses (the grater parcial presure difference between the 2 areas the more rappid the movment of gasses is)
what are the short turm effects of exersise on the respiritory system ?
Increased volume of air inspired in one breath
Increase frequency in breath
what are the long turm efects of exersise on the rispiritory system ?
Increased number and diameter of capillaries around the alveoli
Intercostal muscles and diaphragm muscles grow stronger allowing them to lift the ribcage higher allowing more air into the lungs
Intercostile muscles and diaphragm are able to contract with grater force increasing the pressure differences .
what is the efect of a warm up on the respiritory system ?
Slowly increasing the breathing frequency
what is the efect of a cool down on the reispiritory system ?
Slowly decreases the breathing frequency .
