muscular system

Question 1

what is an isometric contraction?

Answer 1

a contraction where there is no change in length of the muscles

Question 2

what is a consetric contraction?

Answer 2

a contraction where the muscle shortens

Question 3

what is an esentric conreaction?

Answer 3

a contraction where the muscle lengthens

Question 4

what is the agonistic muscle ?

Answer 4

the muscle responsible for the movement

Question 5

what is the antagonistic muscles ?

Answer 5

the muscle that relaxe in responce to the active muscle

Question 6

what is the fixator muscle ?

Answer 6

the muscle that stabilises the contraction . (always an isometric contraction)

Question 7

describe how the muscles work in the lower phase of a press up

Answer 7

bicep - antagonist (relaxing consentricaly )
tricep - agonist (contracting esentricaly)
erector spinae group - fixator (isometric)

Question 8

describe how the muscles work during the upward phase of a press up

Answer 8

bicep - antagonist (relaxing esentricaly )
tricep - agonist (contracting consentricaly )
erector spinae group - fixator (isometric)

Question 9

describe the muscles during the lower phase of the bicep curl

Answer 9

bicep - agonist (contracting esentricaly )
tricep - antagonist (relaxing consentricaly )
deltoids - fixator (isometric)

Question 10

describe how the muscles work during the upper phase of the bicep curl

Answer 10

bicep - agonist (contracting consentricaly )
tricep - antagonist (relaxing ecentricaly )
deltoids - fixator ( isometric )

Question 11

what are the 3 different muscle fiber types ?

Answer 11

1-slow oxidative
2a-fast oxidative glycotic
2b-fast glycotic

Question 12

give an example of a sport best suited to a person wit lots of type 1 muscle fibers

Answer 12

tryathleet

Question 13

give an example of a sport best suited to a person wit lots of type 2a muscle fibers

Answer 13

wing attack in netball

Question 14

give an example of a sport best suited to a person wit lots of type 2b muscle fibers

Answer 14

100m sprint

Question 15

what are the short turm efects of exersise on the muscular system ?

Answer 15

Increased blood flow to the muscles

Increase in muscle temperature

Increase and alters to hormones

Increase chance of DOMS

Fatigued muscles
Energy stores and myoglobin levels within muscles become depleted

Question 16

what are the long turm efects of exersise on the muscular system ?

Answer 16

Increase thickness to muscle fibres

Increased number of muscle fibres

Develop bigger more efficient capillary beds , increase in mitochondria

Increase in ability of fuel stores required

Without suitable rest can lead to overuse injury

Question 17

what is the efect of a warm up on the muscular system ?

Answer 17

Increase blood flow

Increase temperature in muscles

Makes muscles more pliable

Question 18

what efect dose a cool down have on the muscular system ?

Answer 18

Maintains blood flow

Allows muscles to replenish glycogen levels

Question 19

type 1 :
force of contraction
speed of contrcation
resistance to fatigue
anerobic or areobic
myglobin
mitocondria
capillary network

Answer 19

moderate
slow
high
aerobic
high
lots of
high

Question 20

type 2a :
force of contraction
speed of contrcation
resistance to fatigue
anerobic or areobic
myglobin
mitocondria
capillary network

Answer 20

high
moderate
moderate
both
moderate
less than type 1
moderate

Question 21

type 2b :
force of contraction
speed of contrcation
resistance to fatigue
anerobic or areobic
myglobin
mitocondria
capillary network

Answer 21

high
fats
low
anerobic
low
low
low

Question 22

what are the main muscles acting at the sholder ?

Answer 22

Deltoid, latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major, trapezius, teres major

Question 23

what are the main muscles acting at elbow ?

Answer 23

Biceps brachii, triceps brachii

Question 24

what are the main muscles acting at the radio-ulner joint ?

Answer 24

Pronator teres, supinator muscle

Question 25

what are the main muscles acting at the writs?

Answer 25

Wrist flexors, wrist extensors

Question 26

what are the main musces acting at the vertibray column ?

Answer 26

Rectus abdominis, erector spinae group, internal and external obliques

Question 27

what are the main muscles acting at the hip ?

Answer 27

Iliopsoas, gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus

Question 28

what are the main muslces acitng at the knee ?

Answer 28

Rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, vastus lateralis, biceps femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus,

Question 29

what are the main muscles acting at the ankle ?

Answer 29

Tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius, soleus

Question 30

what is the link between the dtructure of type 1 muscle fibers and there function ?

Answer 30

type 1 muscle fibers work for a long amut of time and respire aerobicly , type 1 muscle fivers have a high amount of mitocondria (this is where aerobic respiration takes place ) and they have a lot of myglobin (they have a high affinity for oxegen). they have a high level of cappilary network because they need acces to oxegen for respiration.

Question 31

what is the link between the dtructure of type 2a muscle fibers and there function ?

Answer 31

type 2a muscle fibers work with short sharp bursts of energy , they have moderate consentration of myglobin because they can respire both aerobicaly and anaerobicaly , they hve less itocondria than type 1 because they dont respire totaly aerobicaly but they still have more than type 2b . They have a moderate capillary network because they still need acces to oxegen but dont need that much .

Question 32

what is the link between the dtructure of type 2b muscle fibers and there function ?

Answer 32

type 2b muscle fibers are used for small bursts of energy . They can only respire anaerobicaly so they have a very low level of myglobin and mitocondria . there capillary network is low because they dont need acces to oxegen .