Respiritory System Flashcards
What shape is the diaphragm in just before we inhale
It is found in a dome shape when it’s relaxed
What shape is the diaphragm in as we inhale
It contracts and flattens
What is the result of the diaphragm contracting and relaxing
This changes the volume of the thorax
Where does gas exchange take place?
The alveolus
When does oxygen go in gas exchange
Oxygen moves into the blood and then into red blood cells through the lung walls
Where does carbon dioxide go in gas exchange?
Passes through the plasma then taken into the lungs to be exhaled
What are the features of the alveolus
Good blood supply
Large surface area
Thin walls
Moist
How does blood supply help the alveolus in gas exchange?
It takes the oxygen to the cells and brings the CO2 from the cells and maintains a diffusion gradient
How does surface area help the alveolus in gas exchange?
More area for gas to move across therefore gas exchanges is quicker
How does thin walls help the alveolus in gas exchange?
Thin Walls mean there’s a short distance for diffusion to happen and gas, exchanges, quicker.
How does moisture help the alveolus in gas exchange?
Moisture means the gas can dissolve in water therefore makes gas exchange quicker
Describe breathing
When we breathe in the diaphragm flattens, the thorax volume increases and air pressure drops inside the lungs. Outside of the lungs there is high air pressure and air diffuses into the lungs. Intercostal muscles contract causing our ribs to move out
What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?
Glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water+ energy
Is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants and fungi ?
Glucose -> carbon dioxide + ethanol + energy
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in animals?
Glucose-> lactic acid + energy
