Biology Progress Test Flashcards
What eight things do living organisms have?
- Movement
- Respiration
- Sensitivity
- Growth
- Reproduction
- Excretion
- Nutrition
- Control internal conditions
Wht are the eukaryotic organisms?
Plants, Animals, fungi, protoctists
Are plants unicellular or multi cellular.
- ## Multicellular
Do plants contain cholorplasts?
Yes and are able to carry out photosynthesis
What are plant cell walls made out of?
Cellulose
What do plants store carbohydrates as?
Starch or sucrose
Are animals unicellular or multicellular?
Multi cellular
Do animal cells contain chloroplasts?
No and does not perform photosynthesis
What are animal cell walls made out of?
They dont have them
What do animals often store carbohydrate as?
Glycogen
Can fungi carry out photo synthesis?
No
What are fungi bodys organises in?
Mycelium made from thread-like hyphae which contain may nuclei
Are fungi unicellular or multi cellular?
Some are single celled
What are fungi cell walls made from?
Chitin
How do fungi feed?
Extracellular secretion of digestive enzymes onto food material and absorbsion of the organic products this is saprotrophic nutrition
What do fungi usually store carbohydrate as?
Glycogen
What are protoctists?
Microscopic single celled organisims
What pathogen causes malaria?
Plasmodium
What are bacteria?
Microscopic single celled lrganisims
What do bacteria contain?
Cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm and plasmids, no nucleus but contain a circular chromosome of DNA
Do bacteria carry out photosynthesis?
Some do but mose fee off other living or dead organisms
What is a pathogen?
Any disease causing fungi, bacteria, protoctists or virus’s
Are viruses living?
No, they are small particles, smaller than bacteria, they are parasitic and can only reproduce inside living cells, they can infect evry type of living organism
What is a viruses cellular structure?
No cellular structure, but have a protein coat, and a nucleic acid that is either DNA or RNA
What is an example or a virus?
HIV which caused AIDs
What structures are in both animal and plant cells?
Nucleus, ribosome, cell membrane, mitochondria, cytoplasm,
What does the nucleus do?
Comtrols the activities of the cell, and contains the dna
What is the cytoplasm?
Jellylike, and the site of chemical reactions
What do ribosomes do?
Make proteins
What do mitochondria do?
Site of aerobic respiration
What does the cell membrane do?
Controls what goes in and out of the cell
What does the cell wall do?
Holds shape
What does the choloplasts do?
Absorbs light for photosynthesis
What is the function of the vacuole?
Where cell sap is stored and keeps the cell firm
What is diffusion?
Diffusion is the net movement of particles from an area of hight concentration to and area of low concentration down a concentration gradient until dynamic equilibrium is reached
What is active transport?
The movement of particles from an area of low concentration to an area of hugh concentration using energy ( Adenosine triphosphate)
What is osmosis?
Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from am area of high water potential, through an area of low water potential, through a partially permeable membrane. It is a passive process
What factors affect the rate of diffusion?
- shorter distance to diffuse
- steep concentration gradient
- increasing temperature
- smaller particles
What happens to the surface area to volume ration as the cube increase?
Decreases
