Respiratory Viruses Flashcards

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1
Q

Describe myxovirus in terms of alternate names, viral structure, symptoms, and transmission

A

Aka: Influenza virus

Structure: enveloped RNA virus (8 strands )

Symptoms: fever, runny nose, sore throat, mild cough, aches, muscle pain, generalized malaise, possible N/V in children

Transmission: droplets

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2
Q

What has a higher mortality rate viral PNA or secondary bacterial PNA associated w/ myxovirus

A

Viral PNA has higher mortality rate (10%) when compared to secondary bacterial PNA

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3
Q

What 2 surface antigens do we care about with myxovirus

A

Hemagglutinin (H) and Neuroaminidase (N) used for attachment and virulence

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4
Q

How do the surface antigens (H and N) change in myxovirus

A

gene recombination and gene mutation

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5
Q

Out of the 3 antigenic types of myxovirus what types are antigenically stable

A

Types B and C are stable

Type A have lots of recombinations and mutations (avian, swine, human subtypes)

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6
Q

Can Rx be used for myxovirus infection

A

yes within the first 48 hrs to be effective

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7
Q

How is the vaccine made for the flu

A

it is made with the 4 most common or significant antigens moving toward the USA

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8
Q

Describe Rhinovirus in terms of viral structure, disease caused, symptoms, transmission

A

Structure: RNA virus

Disease: most prevalent agent of the common cold

Symptoms: runny nose, sneezing, sore throat, cough, fever is less common

Transmission: droplets and contacts

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9
Q

Describe Respiratory syncytial virus in terms of other names,viral structure, disease caused, symptoms, and transmission

A

Aka: Human orthopneumovirus

Structure: RNA virus

Disease: can cause severe infection in children

Transmission: droplets and contacts

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10
Q

Describe Corona virus in terms of viral structure, recent virulent variants, disease caused, symptoms, and transmission

A

Structure: RNA virus

Disease: 2nd most common agent of colds, COVID 19

Highly virulent variants: , SARS-CoV1, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV2

Symptoms: fever, cough, SOB

Transmission: droplets

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11
Q

What is the name of the disease caused by SARS-CoV2

A

COVID 19

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12
Q

Where does the antigen spike of SARS-CoV2 attach

A

ACE-2 and NRP-1 (neuropilin 1) receptors

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13
Q

What is the affect of SARS-CoV2 attaching to NRP-1

A

it silences the bodys pain signaling pathways to allow spread w/o inflammatory pain

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14
Q

The pathology of SARS-CoV2 is d/t what

A
  • higher exposure = higher virulence

- bradykinin storm causes blood vessels to expand and become leaky and leading to swelling and decreasing O2 uptake

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15
Q

Describe parainfluenza virus in terms of viral structure, and disease caused

A

Structure: enveloped RNA virus

Disease: croup, bronchitis, cold-like

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16
Q

Describe human metapnuemovirus in terms of viral structure, and disease caused

A

Structure: enveloped RNA virus

Disease: upper and lower respiratory tract infections

17
Q

Describe adenovirus in terms of viral structure, and disease caused

A

Structure: non-enveloped DNA virus

Disease: acute respiratory distress snydrome “ARDS” in military recruits, conjunctivitis, atypical PNA, GI dz

18
Q

Is there a vaccine for adenovirus

A

yes types 4 and 7, these cause ARDS in military recruits