HPV/Enterovirus/Measles/Mumps/Rubella and others

Question 1

Describe Rabies in terms of viral structure, disease caused, symptoms, transmission, disease progression, and vaccine availability

Answer 1

Viral structure: RNA virus

Disease caused: Rabies

Symptoms: Encephalomyelitis, muscle spasms, delirium and convulsions, death often d/t respiratory paralysis

Transmission: virus laden saliva of rabid animal

Progression: incubation ~8 wks->replication-> virus enters PNS

Vaccine availability: yes

Question 2

Describe Human Papilloma Virus in terms of viral structure, disease caused, transmission, vaccine availability and Lab Dx.

Answer 2

Viral structure: DNA virus

Disease caused: genital and skin warts, cervical and head/neck cancer

Transmission: sexually transmitted

Vaccine availability: yes

Question 3

Describe Enterovirus D68 in terms of viral structure, disease caused, symptoms, and transmission

Answer 3

Viral structure: non-enveloped RNA virus

Disease caused: lower respiratory illness that can lead to acute flaccid paralysis

Transmission: fecal oral route, resp secretions, contact w/ vesicle fluid

Question 4

Describe Coxsackie in terms of viral structure, disease caused, and transmission

Answer 4

Viral structure: non-enveloped RNA virus

Disease caused: several dz’s (myocarditis, pleurodynia, vesicular rash)

Transmission: fecal oral route, resp secretions, contact w/ vesicle fluid

Question 5

Describe Poliovirus in terms of viral structure, disease caused, symptoms, transmission, vaccine availability and Lab Dx.

Answer 5

Viral structure: non-enveloped RNA virus

Disease caused: Polio

Transmission: fecal oral route, resp secretions, contact w/ vesicle fluid

Symptoms: muscle deterioration and paralysis

Vaccine availability: Yes

• Inactivated Polio Virus in USA
• Oral Polio Vaccine (live virus vaccine)

Question 6

Describe Measles Virus in terms of viral structure, disease caused, symptoms, complications, transmission, vaccine availability and Lab Dx.

Answer 6

Viral structure: RNA virus

Disease caused: Measles aka Rubelola

Transmission: highly contagious via respiratory secretions

Symptoms: cough, rhinitis, high fever, red eyes, Koplik spots (tiny white spots in the mouth), macropapular rash

Complications: surpressed immune system, blindness, encephalitis, PNA

Vaccine availability: yes, MMR, but underused, making it a re-emerging pathogen

Question 7

Describe Mumps virus in terms of viral structure, disease caused, symptoms, complications, transmission, vaccine availability and Lab Dx.

Answer 7

Viral structure: enveloped single strand RNA virus

Disease caused: Mumps aka Parotitis

Transmission: respiratory secretions

Symptoms: inflamed parotid glands, fever, muscle pain, fatigue, symptoms more severe in adults

Complications: meningitis, pancreatitis, deafness, testicle/ovarian swelling

Vaccine availability: yes, MMR, but underused

Question 8

Describe Rubella in terms of viral structure, disease caused, symptoms, complications, transmission, and vaccine availability.

Answer 8

Viral structure: enveloped single strand RNA virus

Disease caused: Rubella aka Germen Measles

Transmission: respiratory secretions

Symptoms: mild fever, rash, sore throat, fatigue swollen lymph nodes

Complications: bleeding problems, congenital rubella syndrome

Vaccine availability: yes, MMR, but underused

Question 9

Describe Human Herpes Virus 6 and 7 in terms of disease caused, symptoms, and how does the virus gain access to the nervous system.

Answer 9

Disease caused: Roseola aka sixth disease

Symptoms: fever, diarrhea, rash and rare cases neuroinflammatory disease such as MS

Access to nervous system: via olfactory tissues

Question 10

Describe Parvovirus B19 in terms of viral structure, disease caused, symptoms, transmission, vaccine availability and Lab Dx.

Answer 10

Viral structure: non-enveloped DNA virus

Disease caused: Fifth dz aka Erythema infectiosum aka slapped check syndrome

Transmission: respiratory droplets from humans

Symptoms: rash over check (6-10 Y.O’s) pink eye (5th common cause)

Question 11

Describe Molluscum contagiosum virus in terms of viral structure, disease caused/symptoms, and transmission,

Answer 11

Viral structure: DNA poxvirus

Disease caused: mucous membrane lesions aka “water warts” on face trunk and extremities

Transmission: touching affected skin

Question 12

Describe Variola Major Virus in terms of viral structure, disease caused, symptoms, transmission, vaccine availability and Lab Dx.

Answer 12

Viral structure: DNA virus related to monkey pox

Disease caused: small pox

Transmission: aerosolized virus

Symptoms: synchronous progression (all vesicles are in the same state) rash-> macules->vesicles->pustules->scabs. Starts on face, arms and hands

Lab Dx: PCR