Respiratory Tract Flashcards
what makes up the upper respiratory tract
nose, paranasal sinuses, mouth, pharynx
what makes up the lower respiratory tract
larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs
nares
nostrils
in relation to the nose where is the nasal cavity
superior and posterior
up and behind
what ducts open into the nasal cavity
paranasal sinuses
nasolacrimal duct
What type of epithelium lines the internal portion of the nose
ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium
functions of the nose
warms and filters the air
smell
paranasal sinuses are involved in voice / speech
paranasal sinuses
group of 4 air filled spaces that surround the nasal cavity and make the head less heavy
oro-antral fistula
can occur when the maxillary sinus is exposed to the oral cavity when extracting maxillary teeth
pharynx
muscular tube running from the base of skull to the oesophagus which conducts air and directs food to the oesophagus
3 parts - naso, oro and laryngo
larynx
‘voicebox’ - upper portion of the trachea
what is the only full ring of cartilage surrounding the larynx
cricoid cartilage
what is the elastic cartilage that is attached to the larynx called
epiglottis
why is there no cartilage on the posterior side of the trachea
to allow food to pass down the oesophagus which runs behind it
what shape is the trachea cartilage
c - shaped
instead of cartilage what does the posterior side of the trachea have
smooth muscle called trachealis
what is the difference between the right and left primary bronchi
right bronchus - more vertical and greater diameter
left bronchus - shorter and more horizontal
due to this more things likely to get trapped in left bronchus
what epithelium lines the bronchi
pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
what does the primary bronchus divide into on the right and left sides
right - superior, inferior and middle lobe bronchus
left - superior and inferior lobe bronchus
