Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Clinical Pharmacology > Respiratory Therapeutics > Flashcards

Respiratory Therapeutics Flashcards

1
Q

What is asthma

A

Rapid onset of bronchospasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the symptoms of asthma

A

Wheeze
Shortness of breath
Cough
Chest tightness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

When can asthma show late onset

A

Occupational asthma
Asthma/copd overlap syndrome
Heart failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the features that increase the risk for asthma suspicion

A

Symptoms
Worse at night, with exercise or in cold air
History of atopic disorder e.g allergic rhinitis
Family history of asthma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the triggers for asthma

A
  • allergies: dust mites, pollens
  • drugs: aspirin and beta blockers
  • occupational exposure
  • environmental: cold air, emotion, exercise
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the mananagement of asthma in particular inflammation by

A

Steroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the management of inflammatory mediators by

A

Leukotriene antagonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What si the management of bronchospasm by

A

Beta 2 agonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

In asthma treatment what are the aims

A 
To relieve:
Day time symptoms 
Exacerabations
No limitaions of daily activity 
Normal lung function
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the first line treatment for asthma

A

Beta 2 agonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Name examples of beta 2 agonist

A

Salbutamol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the role of beta 2 agonist

A

Bronchodilator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the adverse effects of beta 2 agonist

A

Tremor
Tachycardia
Decrease pottassium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When do we need to use the stepwise approach in asthma

A

When people need to use thir inhalers frequently

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the second line management

A

Inhaled corticosteroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Name an example of an inhaled corticosteroid

A

Beclemetasone
Fluticasone
Budesonide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

When are inhaled corticosteroids added into the management

A

Exacerbation in the last 2 years
Use of beta 2 agonist more than twice a week
Symptoms occur at least one night per week

18
Q

What are the adverse effects of inhaled corticosteroids

A

Sore throat
Oral candiasis
Osteoporosis
Growth supression in children

19
Q

What is the 3rd line management in the stepwise approach

A

Long acting beta 2 agonist

20
Q

Name an example of a long acting beta 2 agonist

A

Salmeterol

Formoterol

21
Q

What is the 4th line management of astham in the stepwise approach

A

Leukotriene receptor antagonist

22
Q

Name an example of a leukotrine receptor antagonist

A

Montelukast

23
Q

What are the side effects of leukotrine receptor antagonist

A

Hypersensitivity

GI upsets

24
Q

What is the 5th line intervention in the stepwise apprach

A

Xanthine derivative

25
Q

What is a problem with xanthine derivatives

A

They have a narrow therapeutic index and can cause cardiac arrhythmia and seizures

26
Q

What is the 6th line management of asthma in the stepwise approach

A

Long acting antimuscarinic agents

27
Q

Name an example of a antimuscarinic agent

A

Tiotropium

28
Q

What can the reasons for poor response of asthma be

A

Poor compliance
Wrong use of inhaler technique
Presence of triggers
Wrong diagnosis

29
Q

What is an acute severe asthma

A

When someone with asthma gets:

  • sudden onset of SOB and chest tightness
  • cant complete full sentences
  • HR more than 110 bpm
  • RR more than 25
  • PEFR less than 50% predicted
30
Q

What is life threatening asthma

A 
PEFR less than 33% preducited 
Sats less than 92%
Cyanosis
Hypotension
Siltent chest
Tachycardia

(CHEST)

31
Q

How do we treat and astham attach

A

Mnemonic: O SHIT ME

  • oxygen
  • salbutamol
  • hydrocortisone
  • ipratropoium
  • therophylline
  • mangesium sulfate
  • escalate
32
Q

What is COPD

A

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

33
Q

What are the symptoms of COPD

A

Couhg and sputum

Increasing and often chronic breathlessness

34
Q

What is the management of COPD

A
  1. Inhaled bronchodilator:
    - beta 2 agonists: short acting or long acting beta 2 agonist
    - antimuscarinic: short acting or long acting
  2. Inhaled corticosteroids
  3. Oral bronchodilators e.g theophylline
35
Q

Name a short acting antimuscarinic

A

Ipratropium

36
Q

Name a long acting antimuscarinic

A

Tiotropium

37
Q

What are the other management of COPD

A 
Antibitoics if needed
Vaccination 
Mucolytics for chornic productive cough
Treat heart failure with diuretci
Oxygen thereapy for respiratory failure 
Smokin cessation
38
Q

How do we give oxygen in COPD exacerbation

A

Venturi mask

39
Q

What are the mothods of smoking cessation

A

Nicotine replaement therapy
Bupropion tablet
Varenicline

40
Q

What are the methods in delivering drugs to the lungs directly

A

Inhalers
Spacer devices
Nebulisers

41
Q

What oxygen should be given in a venturi mask for COPD patients

A

24%

42
Q

What is the management of COPD exacerbation

A

O SHIT

  • oxygen- venturi mask
  • salbutamol
  • hydrocortisone
  • ipratropium
  • theophylline

Antibiotics
Chest physiotherapy

Clinical Pharmacology (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions