Adverse Drug Reactions Flashcards
What are OFF targets
When the drug targets areas that we do not want it to i.e side effects
What is the definition of adverse drug reaction
A response to a drug which is noxious and unintended and which occurs at a normal dose that is use for the prophylaxis, diagnosis or therapy of disease
What can adverse drug reaction (ARDs) that result from medication errors be classed as
Preventable
What can giving pencillin despite history or allergy result in as an adverse outcome
Allergic reaction
What can giving insulin to someone with nil by mouth result in
Hypoglycaemia
What adverse outcome can lack of laboratory monitoring result in in ace inhibitors
Impaired renal function
What can lcak of therapeutic drug monitoring result in with warfarin
Haemmorhage, elevated INR
What are example of important ADRs result in
Erythema mutliforme
Drug induced lupus
Torsades de pointes
Gingival hyperplasia
What can ADRs be classified into
Type a
Type b
What are type a ADRs
Dose dependent and predictable on the basis of the drug pharmacology
What are type b ADRs
Bizaare reaction which are idiosyncratic and not predictable on the basis of pharmacology
How can we tell if the reaction is due to the drug
Ask questions of:
- did it start with at or after treatment
- did it stop when treatment stopped
- if we start it does the reaction occur again
What are some factors that put people at risk of ADRs
Genetics Age Sex Physiological state Exogenous drugs or foods Disease
How do we deal with ADR
- Stop the drug Or pause the drug
- Reduce the dose of the drug
- Consider alternative treatment
- Treat the symptoms if possible
How can ACE inhibitors ADR that causes life threatening angioedema affecting airway, head and neck be treated
Icatibant
