Respiratory System (not incl. diseases.) Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the function of mucous?

A

To trap dirt particles and microbes before they enter the lungs.

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2
Q

What is the function of the nasal cavity?

A

To clean, warm, and moisten air before entering the body.

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3
Q

Nasal secretions contain an antibacterial enzyme. What is it?

A

Lysozyme.

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4
Q

What is cartilage?

(Not required.)

A

A strong, flexible connective tissue that protects your joints and bones.

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5
Q

What is the function of the larynx?

A

To house the vocal cords.

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6
Q

What is the entrance to the larynx protected by?

A

The epiglottis.

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7
Q

Where is the larynx located?

A

At the entrance to the trachea and lungs.

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8
Q

What is the trachea’s function?

A

To connect the larynx to the lungs. (Bronchi)

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9
Q

What is the function of the C-shaped rings that reinforce the trachea and bronchi?

A

To prevent the tubes from collapsing during inhalation.

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10
Q

What is an alveolus?

(alveoli)

A

Microscopic clusters of air sacs located where the bronchioles terminate.

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11
Q

What is an exchange surface?

A

Specialized surfaces that allow the body and environment to exchange materials.

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12
Q

What is an example of an exchange surface?

A

The alveoli.

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13
Q

What is the purpose of ventilation?

(Breathing)

A

To exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air and the lungs.

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14
Q

What is respiration?

A

The transport of oxygen from the air to the tissues, and vice versa for carbon dioxide.

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15
Q

What is external respiration?

A

The movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and bloodstream.

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16
Q

What is internal respiration?

A

The exchange of oxygen and cardbon dioxide between the blood and tissues.

17
Q

How is oxygen transported in the bloodstream?

A

By combining with haemoglobin in the red blood cells to form oxyhaemoglobin.

18
Q

How is carbon dioxide transported in the bloodstream?

A

Dissolved bicarbonate ions.

19
Q

Which organ controls breathing?

A

The brain stem.

20
Q

Why is tobacco smoking bad for the lungs?

A
  • Destroys cilia
  • Irritates lungs
  • Increases mucous production, blocking the bronchioles.
21
Q
A