2.2 | Cell Structure | Year 11 HBIO Flashcards
Cell structure, according to Nelson Human Perspectives ATAR units 1 & 2 * Keep in mind, there are no diagrams here. Make sure to revise using diagrams before your test.
What is an organelle?
A subcellular structure that serves a purpose within a cell.
What is the cytoplasm?
The jelly-like material that fills all the space between the nucleus and the cell membrane.
What is suspended within the cytoplasm?
All organelles.
What’s the difference between the cytoplasm and cytosol?
One is the liquid part of the cytoplasm, and the other is the jelly-like substance.
Where do most metabolic reactions occur?
The cytoplasm.
What is the largest organelle in the cell?
The nucleus.
What is the nucleus’ function?
To store genetic information and to act as the cell’s control center.
What is the function of the nuclear membrane?
To separate the nucleus from the cytoplasm.
What is the function of the nuclear pores?
To allow large molecules, such as messenger RNA (mRNA), to enter and leave the nucleus.
What is the function of the nucleolus?
To produce ribosomes.
What is the function of the ribosome?
To join amino acids together to make proteins.
(Protein Synthesis)
Where can ribosomes be located inside a cell?
Free in the cytoplasm, or attached to membranes in the cell, such as the Golgi body and the RER.
What is the ER’s function?
Storage,
support, synthesis and transport within the cell.
What is the ER’s function?
Storage,
support, synthesis and transport within the cell.
Define metabolism.
The chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life.