Respiratory System Definitions

Question 1

Alveolus (HLB) definition:

Answer 1

blind-ended air sac of microscopic, where gas exchange takes place

Question 2

Airways (HLB) definition:

Answer 2

consists of conducting and respiratory zones

Question 3

Conducting Zones (HLB) definition:

Answer 3

passage way for air: begins at the nasal cavity and ends at terminal bronchioles

Question 4

Respiratory Zones (HLB) definition:

Answer 4

functional unit where gas exchange takes place: respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs and alveoli

Question 5

Bronchioles (HLB) definition:

Answer 5

subdivision of the bronchial tree that does not cartilage or mucosal glands in its wall: bronchioles open from the fifth or sixth generation of bronchi and extend for up to 20 more generations before reaching the terminal bronchioles

Question 6

Bronchus (HLB) definition:

Answer 6

any of the air passages distal to the trachea that has cartilage and mucous glands in its wall

Question 7

Main/Primary/Principal bronchi (HLB) definition:

Answer 7

two main divisions of the trachea

Question 8

Lobar bronchi (HLB) definition:

Answer 8

divisions of the main bronchi supplying each lobe

Question 9

Carina? (HLB) definition:

Answer 9

a keel-like cartilaginous structure at the bifurcation of the trachea into the two main bronchi

Question 10

Diaphragm (HLB) definition:

Answer 10

a dome-shaped muscular, membranous partition separating the abdominal, thoracic cavities; one of the primary respiratory muscles

Question 11

Epiglottis (HLB) definition:

Answer 11

• thin leaf-shaped flap of cartilage, covered with mucous membrane, situated immediately behind the root of the tongue, covers the entrance to the larynx during swallowing

Question 12

Fissure (HLB) definition:

Answer 12

Anatomy: groove or cleft

In lungs are a double fold of visceral pleura that invaginate the lung parenchyma to form the lung lobes. Both lungs have an oblique fissure and the right lung also has a horizontal fissure.

Question 13

Hilum (HLB) definition:

Answer 13

depression or fissure of an organ, such as the ovary, kidney or spleen at which structures as blood vessels, nerves and ducts enter/exit.

Question 14

Lobe (HLB) definition:

Answer 14

major division of an organ or part of an organ, especially one having a rounded form and often separated from other lobes by fissures or bands of connective tissues.

Question 15

1medisteinum (HLB) definition:

Answer 15

central space in the thoracic cavity between two pleural sacs; contains the heart, large vessels, trachea, oesophagus, thymus gland, lymph nodes, NOT LUNGS!

Question 16

Phrenic nerve (HLB) definition:

Answer 16

The nerve that supplies the muscle of the diaphragm; root value of C3,C4,C5

Question 17

Pharynx (HLB) definition:

Answer 17

muscular tube in the neck that extends from the posterior aspect of the nasal and oral cavities to the proximal end of the oesophagus and trachea

Question 18

Pleura (HLB) definition:

Answer 18

Thin serous membrane that covers the lungs (visceral) and the inner surface of the chest wall (parietal)

Question 19

Pleural Cavity/Space (HLB) definition:

Answer 19

potential space between visceral pleura and the parietal pleura

Question 20

Respiratory Tract (HLB) definition:

Answer 20

passage formed by mouth, nose, throat and lungs through which air passes during breathing

Question 21

Upper division of the respiratory tract (HLB) consists of:

Answer 21

nasal cavity, para-nasal sinuses, pharynx, larynx superior to the vocal cords

Question 22

Lower division of the respiratory tract (HLB) consists of:

Answer 22

larynx inferior to the vocal cords, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli

Question 23

Trachea (HLB) definition:

Answer 23

cartilaginous part of the lower respiratory tract between the larynx and the primary bronchi