Respiratory System & Associated Structures

Question 1

The hyopharyngeus, thyropharyngeus, and cricopharyngeus muscles aid in _____.

Answer 1

swallowing

Question 2

The hyopharyngeus muscle is the one that:
a. is most cranial
b. goes over the pharynx
c. is most caudal

Answer 2

is most cranial

Question 3

The thyropharyngeus muscle is the one that:
a. is most cranial
b. goes over the pharynx
c. is most caudal

Answer 3

goes over the pharynx

Question 4

The cricopharyngeus muscle is the one that:
a. is most cranial
b. goes over the pharynx
c. is most caudal

Answer 4

is most caudal

Question 5

The _____ _____ is small in horses because they are obligate nose breathers.

Answer 5

intrapharyngeal ostium

Question 6

What sits ventral to the trach tube once its placed?

Answer 6

epiglottis

Question 7

The esophagus tends to deviate over to the [right/left] side.

Answer 7

left

Question 8

This structure is just below the nose and above the lip.
(hint - “cupids arch”)

Answer 8

philtrum

Question 9

The _____ septum separates the right and left nasal cavities.

Answer 9

cartilaginous

Question 10

The _____ duct exits @ the vestibule inside the nasal cavity.

Answer 10

nasolacrimal

Question 11

Have epithelial cells that pick up on sensory information of chemicals and scents in the air:

Answer 11

concha

Question 12

Complex scroll-like bones:

Answer 12

nasal conchae

Question 13

Space between roof of the nasal cavity and dorsal conchae:

Answer 13

dorsal nasal meatus

Question 14

Space between the dorsal conchae and ventral concha:

Answer 14

middle nasal meatus

Question 15

Space ventral to the ventral conchae:

Answer 15

ventral nasal meatus

Question 16

The _____ organ communicates with the oral cavity.

Answer 16

vomeronasal

Question 17

This structure has papillae that pick up scent in the oral cavity and deliver it to the nasal cavity for interpretation:

Answer 17

vomeronasal organ

Question 18

How many vomeronasal organs are there?

Answer 18

1

Question 19

Curl lip to help scent get to the incisive papillae. Used to detect pheromones.

Answer 19

Flehman response

Question 20

Membrane-lined, air-filled, diverticula of the nasal cavity which extend into the adjacent pneumatic bones:

Answer 20

paranasal sinuses

Question 21

A bulldog is an example of a _____ dog:
a. brachycephalic
b. mesaticephalic
c. dolichocephalic

Answer 21

brachycephalic

Question 22

Brachycephalic breeds have a lot of teeth crowding and an elongated _____ palate.

Answer 22

soft

Question 23

A golden retriever is an example of a _____ dog:
a. brachycephalic
b. mesaticephalic
c. dolichocephalic

Answer 23

mesaticephalic

Question 24

A collie is an example of a _____ dog:
a. brachycephalic
b. mesaticephalic
c. dolichocephalic

Answer 24

dolichocephalic

Question 25

This “swing-like” structure suspends the tongue and larynx:

Answer 25

hyoid apparatus

Question 26

The sternohyoideus, sternothyroideus, and thyrohyoideus muscles pull the hyoid apparatus [cranially/caudally] when contracted.

Answer 26

caudally

Question 27

This muscle forms a sling under/supports the tongue:

Answer 27

mylohyoideus muscle

Question 28

This muscle runs from the mandibular symphysis to basihyoid and pulls the hyoid apparatus rostrally:

Answer 28

geniohyoideus muscle

Question 29

This division of the larynx extends between the cuneiform process of arytenoid cartilage and epiglottis:

Answer 29

aryepiglottic fold

Question 30

This division of the larynx is the lateral diverticulum of mucosa between vestibular fold (rostral) and vocal fold (caudal):
*absent in the cat

Answer 30

laryngeal ventricle

Question 31

This structure is absent in the cat:

Answer 31

laryngeal ventricle

Question 32

This division of the larynx includes the vocal process of arytenoid cartilage and vocal fold:

Answer 32

glottis

Question 33

This division of the larynx is the narrow passageway through the glottis:

Answer 33

glottic cleft/ rima glottidis

Question 34

This division of the larynx is from the glottic cleft to the trachea, within cricoid cartilage:

Answer 34

infraglottic cavity

Question 35

This division of the larynx is from the aditus laryngis to the vestibular fold:

Answer 35

vestibule

Question 36

True or false?
Carnivores do not have complete tracheal rings - they are “c” shaped.

Answer 36

true

Question 37

This species has complete tracheal rings to keep the trachea open to move air very quickly.

Answer 37

birds

Question 38

Which cartilage is in the shape of a “u”?

Answer 38

thyroid cartilage

Question 39

These structures vibrate when a dog barks:

Answer 39

vocal folds

Question 40

What is the only muscle that opens the glottis?

Answer 40

cricoarytenoideus dorsalis

Question 41

The [cranial/caudal] laryngeal nerve is related to opening the glottis.

Answer 41

caudal

Question 42

This muscle tenses the vocal fold:

Answer 42

cricothyroid muscle

Question 43

The following three muscles do what to the glottis?
-cricoarytenoidus lateralis
-arytenoideus transversus
-thyroarytenoideus (vocalis & ventricularis mm)

Answer 43

close it

Question 44

The cricothyroid muscle tenses the _____ fold. It is innervated by the [cranial/caudal] laryngeal nerve.

Answer 44

vocal; cranial

Question 45

The following muscles are innervated by the [cranial/caudal] laryngeal nerve.
-cricoarytenoidus lateralis
-arytenoideus transversus
-thyroarytenoideus (vocalis & ventricularis mm)

Answer 45

caudal

Question 46

Damage to this nerve can cause aspiration pneumonia:

Answer 46

caudal laryngeal nerve