Respiratory System

Question 1

Organs of the system

Answer 1

nasal cavity
oral cavity
larynx, pharynx
trachea
lungs
diaphragm 
chest cavity
pleural membranes (thin membranes with liquid in so lungs don't squeak)

Question 2

Facts

Answer 2

• cartilage is c shape so stays open and doesn’t damage or enter oesophagus
• intercostal muscles in between ribs to help move up and down
• left lung smaller as heart sits there so takes up space
• trachea spilts into 2 tubes called bronchioles which increase SA

Question 3

Functions of system

Answer 3

• oxygenate and remove c02 from lungs

- breathing and blood flow maintains concentration gradient

Question 4

Alveoli

Answer 4

• where gas exchange takes place (swap gases 02 and c02)
• thin and moist
• sac like structures at the end of bronchioles

Question 5

In pregnancy

Answer 5

-immediate reduction in intra abdominal pressure when baby is born allowing expansion of the diaphragm. Respiratory rate returns to normal after 1-2 weeks

Question 6

Trachea

Answer 6

-hollow tube of smooth muscle (for protection and allow for movement) and connective tissue lines with epithelial tissue and strengthened with c shaped bands of cartilage

Question 7

Inhalation

Answer 7

• ribs move up and out
• diaphragm contracts (pushes down)
• air pressure decreases
• abdominals relax so diaphragm push down

Question 8

Expiration

Answer 8

• ribs move down and in
• diaphragm relaxes
• air pressure increases
• abs contract so diaphragm pushes up