Respiratory System Flashcards

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1
Q

Trachea

A

The tube that runs from your mouth down the front of your chest to connect to the bronchi in the lungs.

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2
Q

Bronchi

A

Tubes that branch from the trachea into smaller tubes called bronchioles, which carry oxygen into the lungs.

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3
Q

Bronchioles

A

Tiny tubes branching from the larger bronchi that bring oxygen to alveoli in the lungs.

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4
Q

Alveoli

A

Small air sacs at the end of the bronchioles, which are the site of gas exchange in the lungs

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5
Q

Pulmonary arteries

A

Blood vessels that carry blood lacking oxygen from the heart to the lungs.

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6
Q

Capillaries

A

The smallest blood vessels in the body, which are responsible for gas exchange in cells and at the alveoli.

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7
Q

Pulmonary veins

A

The blood vessels that carry oxygen rich blood from the lungs back to the heart

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8
Q

List the organs of the Respiratory System

A
Nose
Nasal cavity
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Lungs
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9
Q

Define the Function of the Respiratory System

A
Supplies body with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide
Provides an airway for respiration
Moistens and warms inhaled air
Filters and cleans inhaled air
Serves as resonating chamber for speech
Houses olfactory receptors
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10
Q

Define the Function of the Pharynx

A

Passageway for air and food

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11
Q

Define the Function of the Larynx

A

Air passageway
Prevents food from entering lower respiratory tract
Voice production

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12
Q

Define the Function of Surfactant

A

Reduces surface tension

Prevents the alveoli from collapsing

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13
Q

Asthma

A

A chronic inflammatory disease of the airways that causes the airways to spasm and swells periodically so that the airways narrow.

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14
Q

Bronchitis

A

Inflammation of the bronchial membranes

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15
Q

Carbon dioxide

A

Odorless, colorless gas formed in the tissues as a waste product, and expelled from the lungs

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16
Q

Diagphram

A

Separates the thoractic cavity from the abdominal cavity.

17
Q

Expiration or exhalation

A

Breathing out

18
Q

Inspiration or inhalation

A

Breathing in

19
Q

Influenza

A

Highly infectious respiratory disease caused by airborne viral droplets occurring in epidemics

20
Q

Laryngitis

A

Inflammation of the larynx

21
Q

Oxygen

A

A colorless, odorless, tasteless gas essential to respiration used by all cells of the body

22
Q

Pneumonia

A

Inflammation of the lung in which air sacs become filled with inflammatory cells and the lung becomes solid. symptoms are cough, chest pain, fever, headache

23
Q

Tidal volume

A

The volume of air inhaled and exhaled in a normal, resting breath, typically about 500 mL.

24
Q

Cilia

A

Hairlike projections that sweep particles towards the throat

25
Q

Inspiratory reserve volume

A

Additional amount of air that can be inhaled after a normal inhalation.

26
Q

Vital capacity

A

Maximum amount of air a person can expel from the lungs after a maximum inhalation.

27
Q

Expiratory reserve volume

A

Expiratory reserve volume is the amount of extra air above a normal breath.

28
Q

Residual volume

A

Amount of air that remains in a person’s lungs after fully exhaling.

29
Q

Total lung capacity

A

The maximum amount of air that can fill the lungs.

30
Q

What reduces surface tension and keeps alveoli from collapsing?

A

Surfactant.