Respiratory System Flashcards
Inflammation of the pharynx (throat) is called ________.
Pharyngitis
6 S/S of pharyngitis?
- dry cough
- dysphagia
- fever (chills, headache, malaise)
- enlarged cervical lymph nodes
- exudate
- erythema/edema
Dx for pharyngitis?
throat culture
5 Tx for pharyngitis?
- Saltwater gargles
- antibiotics (penicillin)
- Tylenol
- lozenges
- increase fluids & rest
5 Nsg Care Interventions?
- I & O
- encourage fluids
- oral care
- vaporizer
- assess hydration status
The 2 most common sinuses affected with sinusitis are the _________ & ________.
- maxillary
- ethmoid
5 causes of sinusitis?
- viral/bacterial/fungal
- pneumonia
- influenza
- allergies (spring/fall)
- NG tube
Ethmoid S/S of sinusitis?
pain between & behind eyes
Maxillary S/S of sinusitis?
pain over cheek & upper teeth
Frontal S/S of sinusitis?
forehead pain
5 S/S of sinusitis?
- purulent nasal drainage
- fever (chills/headache/malaise)
- eyelid edema
- anorexia & nausea
- foul breath
Dx for sinusitis?
- transillumination ( dark sinuses = infected)
- CXR
- CT
- MRI
5 Tx for Sinusitis? (medications)
- antibiotics
- acetaminophen (fever/pain)
- nasal coricosteroids
- saline nasal irrigation
- expectorants/humidifier
6 Nsg Care Interventions for Sinusitis?
- Pt education
- steam inhalation
- hot moist packs
- neti pot
- fluids
- semi-fowlers
6 S/S of tonsillitis?
- sore throat
- pain with swallowing
- fever
- lymphadenopathy
- anorexia
- myalgia (muscle pain)
2 Dx for tonsillitis?
- Throat Culture
- CBC re WBC
4 Medical Tx for tonsillits?
- antibiotics
- lozenges
- tylenol
- warm saline
Surgical Tx for tonsillitis?
tonsillectomy
8 Nsg Care Interventions re Tonsillectomy surgery?
- V/S
- semi-fowlers
- assess bleeding
- oral care (suction)
- clear liquids THEN soft diet
- hydration status
- monitor re dark brown emesis
- NO straws, heat, crushed ice, red drinks
3 causes of Laryngitis?
- infection
- irritation (smoking/alcohol/chemicals)
- excessive voice use
4 S/S of Laryngitis?
- dysphagia
- hoarse voice
- fever
- cough
2 Dx for Laryngitis?
- laryngeal mirror
- laryngoscopy
6 Tx for Laryngitis?
- rest voice
- lozenges
- Tylenol
- fluids
- antibiotics
- humidifier
2 Nsg Care Interventions for Laryngitis?
- communication
- smoking cessation
_______________ is a chronic AIRBORNE infection diesease caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis.
Tuberculosis (TB)
TB causes inflammatory infiltrations, necrosis, abscesses, _______, & ____________.
- fibrosis
- calcification
6 S/S of TB?
- chronic productive cough
- chest pain
- fever w/ recurring chills
- wt loss (anorexia)
- Hemoptysis**
- Night sweats**
4 Dx for TB?
- Mantoux Test (PPD)
- CXR ( if positive)
- QFT-G (blood test)
- sputum AFB
2 Medical Tx for TB?
- MDR-TB
- XDR-TB
taken orally for 6 months-2 years
6 Nsg Care Interventions for TB?
- airborne isolation
- respiratory assessment
- teach RE meds/disease
- rest & nutrition
- vaccine (BCG)
- Rifampin turns urine RED **
6 causes of Pleurisy?
- bacterial/viral
- pneumonia
- pulmonary infarctions
- trauma (chest, ribs, intercostal muscles)
- early stage of TB
- lung tumor
2 S/S of Pleurisy?
- fever
- angina w/ inspiration
2 Dx for Pleurisy?
- Pleural Friction Rub
- CXR if present
5 Tx for Pleurisy? (meds)
- antibiotics
- antipyretics
- anti-inflammatories
- pain meds
- O2 prn
Nsg Care Interventions for Pleurisy?
- position (bad lung DOWN = better airway)
- heat to area
4 types of Pleural Effusion?
- hydrothorax (serous fluid)
- hemothorax (blood)
- chylothorax (lymph fluid)
- pyothorax (pus; pleural empyema)
3 S/S of Pleural Effusion?
- dyspnea
- anxiety
- fever
Dx for Pleural Effusion?
CXR
Surgical Tx for Pleural Effusion?
thoracentesis (drains fluid/air from space between lungs & wall of chest)
6 Nsg Care for Pleural Effusion?
- bedrest
- DB & C
- O2 prn
- Nebulizer (ordered)
- meds (pain, bronchodilators, antibiotics)
- Monitor Drsg site/chest tube
