Respiratory system Flashcards
1
Q
The structure of the respiratory system
A
- Mouth/nasal cavity
- Trachea
- Bronchi
- Bronchioles
- Alveoli
- Intercostal muscles
- Diaphragm
2
Q
What are the features of the alveoli?
6
A
- Surface area
- Short diffusion pathway
- Capillary network
- Diffusion gradient
- Moisture
- Surfactant
3
Q
What gas exits the blood and enters into the lung?
A
Carbon dioxide
4
Q
what gas exits the lungs and enters the blood?
A
Oxygen
5
Q
What happens during inspiration?
A
- Diaphragm contracts and moves down to become flat
- Intercostal muscles contract and move ribcage upwards.
- Volume of thoracic cavity increases
- Pressure decreases in lungs
- Air rushes in
6
Q
What happens during expiration?
A
- Diaphragm relaxes and moves up
- Intercostal muscles contract and move ribcage down and out
- Volume of thoracic cavity decreases
- Pressure increase in lungs
- Air rushes out
7
Q
What is tidal volume?
A
Normal breathing volume
8
Q
What is expiratory reserve volume?
A
Maximum amount you can breath in and out
9
Q
What is residual volume?
A
Air left in the lungs after you fully breathed out
10
Q
What is vital capacity?
A
The total volume from fully breathed in from fully breathed out
11
Q
What is total lung capacity?
A
Vital capacity + residual
