Respiratory System

Question 1

Functions of Respiratory System (7)

Answer 1

-gas exchange
-speech
-olfaction
-pH balance
-hormone synthesis/vacalization
-Pressure for flow of lymph/venous blood
(respiratory pump)
-filter blood clots & small air bubbles
-Valsalva for urination/defication

Question 2

Epithelium in sinus

Answer 2

Psuedostratified ciliated columnar

Question 3

Functions of nose/sinus

Answer 3

Warm air
humidify air
trap dust/bacteria/pathogens

Question 4

Are both main bronchii the same diameter?

Answer 4

NO! One is bigger than other as a safety mechanism against choking

Question 5

Epithelium in bronchiols

Answer 5

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

Question 6

Epithelium in aveoli

Answer 6

Simple Squamous

Question 7

Exchange division consists of:

Answer 7

Bronchiols & aveoli

Question 8

Type 1 Cell

Answer 8

Simple Squamous Cell in aveoli that is responsible for gas exchange

Question 9

Type 2 Cell

Answer 9

Great Aveolar Cell found in aveoli that secretes surfactant (decreases surface tension of H2O, which reduces surface tension of aveoli)

Question 10

Boyles Law

Answer 10

Pressure is inversely proportional to volume

Question 11

Tidal Volume

Answer 11

.5L

Question 12

Inspiratory Reserve Volume

Answer 12

3L

Question 13

Expiratory Reserve Volume

Answer 13

1.5L

Question 14

Dalton’s Law

Answer 14

The sum of the Partial pressures of each compound in a gas equals the total pressure

Question 15

Charles Law

Answer 15

Volume is directly proportional to temp. in gases at constant pressure

Question 16

Increase in core temp causes…..

Answer 16

increase in O2 saturation

Question 17

Increase in pH (CO2) causes……

Answer 17

increase in O2 saturation of tissues

Question 18

CO2 is carried in…..

Answer 18

7% in solution (blood)
23% bound to hemoglobin
70% converted to bicarb (HCO3-)

Question 19

REVIEW BICARD FORMATION & CHLORIDE SHIFT

Answer 19

YAYAYAYAYAY I DID IT

Question 20

Dorsal Respiratory Group (DRG)

Answer 20

Controls normal inhalation for tidal volume

• has inspiratory neurons that turn on/off
• on=INHALE off=EXHALE (recoiling of lung)

Question 21

Ventral Respiratory Group (VRG)

Answer 21

Controls Forced Respiration

• inspiratory and expiratory reserves
• Add inspiratory muscles via inspiratory neurons
• force air out via firing of expiratory neurons

Question 22

Pontine Nuclei

Answer 22

Controls Rate/Depth of Breathing

• Increased Action Potentials = increase rate
• Decreased Action Potentials = decreased rate

Question 23

Peripheral Chemoreceptors

Answer 23

• Sense Pp of O2
• Located on Aortic Arch
• Fire once Pp of O2 decreases by 60% (cause an increase in respiratory rate)

Question 24

Central Chemoreceptros

Answer 24

Monitor pH in CNS (CSF)

-10% change in pH (normally acidic due to bicarb build up) cause receptor to fire (causing an increase in respiration)

Question 25

Stretch Receptors

Answer 25

Inhibitory Effect

Question 26

Irritant Receptors

Answer 26

Inhibitory Effect (cough reflex) when exposed to foul odors/chemicals

Question 27

Pain/Emotion

Answer 27

Limbic/amygdala | -cause shallow/rapid respirations