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ANATOMY 2 > Endocrine System > Flashcards

Endocrine System Flashcards

1
Q

Direct Hormones

A

Stimulate Target Tissue Directly

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2
Q

Indirect Hormones S

A

Stimulate release of other horomones that stimulate the target tissue

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3
Q

Pineal Gland

A

Melatonin Release - controls circadian rhythms

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4
Q

Hypothalmus

A

Secretes stimulating & inhibitory hormones that influence pituitary

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5
Q

Pituitary Gland (Split into what?)

A

Anterior = adenohypophysis
-simple cuboidal
Posterior = neurohypophysis
-nervous tissue

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6
Q

Anterior Pit. Hormones?

A 
Synthesize own horomones
-Hypothalamus secretes hormones that stimulate or inhibit release of Ant. Pit. hormones
Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
Adrenocoticotropic Hormone
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone 
Prolactin
Growth Hormone 
Mneumonic = FLAT PG
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7
Q

FSH

A 
Follicle Stimulating Hormone
Trigger:  puberty
Effect: 
M- sperm production
F- Menstraul Cycle, Egg Maturation, blood estrogen levels in first half of pregnancy
Target: gonads
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8
Q

Luteinizing Hormone

A

Effect
M- Stimulate testes to release testosterone
F- Menstrual cycle, triggers egg release from ovarian follicle (ovulation)
Target: gonads

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9
Q

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone

A

Trigger: metabolism, stress
Effect: cortisol production
Target: adrenal gland

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10
Q

TSH

A

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
Effect: triggers thyroid hormone production
Target: thyroid

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11
Q

Prolactin

A

Trigger: pregnancy
Effect: promotes milk production
Target: mammary glands

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12
Q

Growth Hormone

A

Trigger: growth
Effect: promotes cell growth
Target: all cells

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13
Q

Prolactin Releasing Horomone (PRH)

A

Released by hypothalmus, stimulates Ant. Pit. to release Prolactin

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14
Q

Thyotropin Releasing Hormone (TRH)

A

Released by hypothalmus, stimulates Ant. Pit. to release Thyroid Stimulating Hormone

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15
Q

Corticotropin Releasing Hormone (CRH)

A

Released by hypothalmus, stimulates Ant. Pit. to release Adrenocorticotropic Hormone

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16
Q

Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone & Growth Hormone Inhibiting Hormone

A

Released by hypothalmus, stimulates Ant. Pit. to release or inhibit Growth Hormone

17
Q

Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone

A

Released by hypothalmus, stimulates Ant. Pit. to release Luteinizing Hormone & Follicle Stimulating Hormone

18
Q

Posterior Pituitary (Hormones?)

A

ATH - anit diuretic hormone

Oxytocin

19
Q

Oxytocin

A

Secreted by Post. Pit.

  • stimulate milk ejection
  • stimulates uterine contractions
20
Q

ADH

A

Anti-diuretic hormone

  • Stimulates water resorption & retention via kidneys
  • stimulates vasoconstriction and increase in BP
21
Q

Posterior Pituitary Hormones stimulated via ?

A

Neurons extending from the hypothalamus to the post. pit. using neurotransmitters.

22
Q

Thyroid Secretes what horomones?

A

These hormones triggered for release via TSH from Ant. Pit.

T3 - triiodothyronine
T4 - Thyroxine
Calcitonin

23
Q

T3 - Triiodothyronine

A

These hormones triggered for release via TSH from Ant. Pit.

increases basal metabolic rates

24
Q

T4 - thyroxine

A

These hormones triggered for release via TSH from Ant. Pit.

increases basal metabolic rates

25
Q

Calcitonin

A

These hormones triggered for release via TSH from Ant. Pit.

deposition and release of calcium

26
Q

Pancreas secretes which hormones?

A

Insulin
glucagon
somatostatin

27
Q

Insulin

A

Trigger: High blood glucose levels
Effect: Decrease blood glucose via stimulation of glucose receptors on cells

28
Q

Glucagon

A

Trigger: Low blood glucose levels
Effect: increase blood glucose via breakdown from glycogen to glucose

29
Q

Somatostatin

A

Trigger: Eating
Effect: Inhibit insulin and glucagon release to aid in effective digestion

30
Q

Adrenal Gland Horomones

A

Cortisol

Epinephrine & norepinephrine

31
Q

Cortisol

A

Secreted by adrenal gland. Specifically the cortex. Stimulated by ATCH that is secreted by the posterior pituitary

Water/electrolyte balance, eliminates inflammation

32
Q

Epinephrine/norepinephrine

A

Trigger: sympathetic nervous system (fight or flight)
Effect: increase HR, increase BP, vaso dilate to muscles, etc…
Target: muscle cells

ADRENAL MEDULLA

33
Q

Testes

A

Produce testosterone, stimulated via luetinizing hormone

34
Q

Testosterone

A

Secondary sex characteristics

Fetal development of male genitalia

35
Q

Ovaries

A

Estrogen and progesterone

36
Q

Estrogen/progesterone

A

Secondary sex characteristics

Regulates menstrual cycle

ANATOMY 2 (9 decks)

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