Respiratory System Flashcards
Primary function
To allow oxygen from the air to enter the blood and carbon dioxide from the blood to exit into the air
Ventilation
Term for breathing
Uses both inspiration and expiration
External respiration
The exchange of gases between air and blood
Internal respiration
The exchange of gases between blood and tissue fluid
Cilia and mucus
Located in the nasal cavity
Cleanses the air
How is the air warmed?
By the heat of blood vessels
How is it moistened?
By the wet surfaces of the nasal cavity and mouth
Pharynx
Connects nasal and oral cavity to the larynx
Larynx
Considered the voice box
Contains vocal cords
The trachea
Connects the larynx to the bronchi
Bronchi
Branch of the trachea that leads to the lungs
Bronchiole
Small tube that conducts air from a bronchus to alveoli
Alveoli
Grapelike air sac found in lungs
Right lung
Has 3 lobes
Left lung
Has 2 lobes
Diaphragm
Muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity
Pleural membranes
Come back to me
Inspiration
Breathing in
Expiration
Breathing out
Breathing in
Diaphragm muscles contract and move down
Rib cage moves up and out
Large volume in thoracic cavity
Breathing out
Diaphragm relaxes
Ribs move down and in
Decreased air in thoracic cavity increase pressure on lungs and push air out
Medulla oblongata
Diaphragm and muscle contractions controlled by the MO
High c02 and h20
Cause breathing to be imitated
Oxygen
Carried directly in blood
Carried by hemoglobin (hb)
Hb+h20= Hb02
Carbine dioxide
Carried directly in blood
Carried by hemoglobin
Hb+C02= HbC02 (carbaminohemoglobin)
Carbonic acid breaks down to _____ and ______ by using ______
Hydrogen and carbonate ions using carbonic anhydrase
C02+H20=H2CO3=H++HCO3
Most carbon dioxide is carried as _______
Bicarbonate
Hydrogen ions
Combine with hemoglobin
H++Hb=HHB (reduced hemoglobin)
