Parts Of A Cell

Question 1

Prokaryotic

Answer 1

Lack membrane bound nucleus

Bacteria and algae

Question 2

Eukaryotic

Answer 2

Contain nuclei and other organelles

Eg- Plants, animals, Protozoa, and fungi

Question 3

Cell membrane

Answer 3

Separates cell from the environment

Functions
1) transport- selectively permeable
2) cell recognition
Homeostasis- maintaining optimal conditions

Structure
1)phospholipid billayer

Question 4

Cell wall

Answer 4

Only in plants

Question 5

Nucleus

Answer 5

Middle of cell, contains nucleolus

Control center of the cell
Nuclear envelope
Nuclear pores

Question 6

Nucleolus

Answer 6

Makes ribosomal RNA

Question 7

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 7

Branches from nucleus to cytoplasm

Rough ER(ribosomes attached)- protein synthesis

Smooth ER(no ribosomes) synthesis of lipids

Used for transportation

Question 8

Ribosomes

Answer 8

Found in rough ER

Site for protein synthesis

Two subunits- rRNA and protein

Question 9

Golgi apparatus

Answer 9

Near nucleus and ER

Modifies, assembles, packages and stores and secretes substances (proteins)

Question 10

Lysosomes

Answer 10

Cellular digestion
Autodigestion

Break down of a whole cell

Membrane sac
Hydro lyric enzymes

Question 11

Vacuole/ vesicles

Answer 11

Storage (vacuole)
Transport (vesicle)

One large vacuole in plants

Question 12

Mitochondria

Answer 12

Energy production

Inner folds- cristae

Question 13

Chloroplast

Answer 13

Plant cell only

Photosynthesis

Question 14

Cytoskeleton

Answer 14

Maintain shape

Question 15

Plasma membrane

Answer 15

All cells are surrounded by it

• Consists of phospholipid bilayer
• embedded with protein molecules

Question 16

Fluid mosaic model

Answer 16

Solid and liquid properties

Phospholipids move around each other

Question 17

Selectively/ semipermeable membrane

Answer 17

Controls what moves in and out of the cell

Size and polarity determine what moves across the membrane

Question 18

Osmosis

Answer 18

Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane

Question 19

Diffusion

Answer 19

Movement of molecules or ions from a region of higher to lower concentration

Requires 0 energy

Question 20

Facilitated transport

Answer 20

Passive transfer of a substance into or out of a cell along a concentration gradient by a process that requires a protein carrier