Respiratory System

Question 1

thoracic cavity

Answer 1

specially designed to perform breathing; lungs located here

Question 2

nares

Answer 2

holes in nose

Question 3

vibrissae

Answer 3

nasal hairs

Question 4

pharynx

Answer 4

food and air

Question 5

larynx

Answer 5

only air

Question 6

glottis

Answer 6

opening of the larynx

Question 7

epiglottis

Answer 7

covers the glottis to prevent food out of respiratory tract

Question 8

vocal chords

Answer 8

maneuvered using skeletal muscle and cartilage

Question 9

bronchioles

Answer 9

division of bronchi

Question 10

alveoli

Answer 10

tiny balloon like structures where gas exchange occurs

Question 11

surfactant

Answer 11

detergent that covers each alveoli and lower surface tension, preventing them from collapsing

Question 12

pleurae

Answer 12

surround each lung

Question 13

visceral pleura

Answer 13

lung side

Question 14

parietal pleura

Answer 14

outer side

Question 15

diaphragm

Answer 15

separates chest and abdominal cavities

Question 16

pleural fluid

Answer 16

helps lubricate

Question 17

ventilation center

Answer 17

neurons in the medulla oblongata that regulate ventilation

Question 18

mucociliary escalator

Answer 18

mechanism to propel mucus up to mouth

Question 19

lysozyme

Answer 19

enzyme to attack gram-positive bacteria

Question 20

macrophage

Answer 20

engulf and digest pathogens and single to the rest of the mine system that there is an invader

Question 21

mast cells

Answer 21

in lungs; have antibodies attached to their surfaces so release inflammatory chemicals to start immune response

Question 22

acidemia

Answer 22

when pH is low; respiratory rate increases to get rid of CO2

Question 23

alkalemia

Answer 23

pH is too low; respiratory rate is slowed to retain CO2

Question 24

bicarbonate buffer system

Answer 24

Co2+H2O=H2CO3=H+ + HCO3