Respiratory System Flashcards
The erythrocyte (RBC) count increases after a while when an individual goes from a low to a high altitude because the…
Concentration of oxygen and or total atmospheric pressure is lower at high altitude
Smoking diminishes ciliary action and eventually destroys the cilia. True or false
True
The Alveolar ventilation rate is the best index of effective ventilation. True or false
True
Which of the following is the leading cause of cancer death for both men and women in North America? Colorectal, lung or esophageal, skin
lung
The larynx contains…
The thyroid cartilage
Which of the choices below is not a factor that promotes oxygen binding to and dissociation from hemoglobin? partial pressure of oxygen, temperature, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, or number of RBCs
NUMBER OF RBCs
In the plasma, the quantity of oxygen in solution is….
Only about 1.5% of the oxygen carried in blood
The Heimlich maneuver is a procedure in which air in the lungs is used to expel a piece of food that obstructs of the opening into the trachea. True or false
True
Under certain conditions, the vocal folds act as a sphincter that prevents air passage. True or false?
True
Which center is located in the pons?
Pontine respirator group (PRG)
Tracheal obstruction is life threatening. True or false
True
The walls of the alveoli are composed of two types of cells, Type I and type II Alveolar cells. The function of type II alveolar cells is to…
Secrete surfactant
Which of the following INCORRECTLY describes mechanisms of CO2 transport? 7 to 10% of CO2 is dissolved directly into the plasma, just over 20% of CO2 is carried in the form of carbaminohemiglobin, as biocarbonate ions in plasma, or attached to the heme part of hemoglobin
ATTACHED TO THE HEME PART OF HEMOGLOBIN
The symptoms of hyperventilation may be averted by breathing into a paper bag because it…
Helps retain carbon dioxide in the blood
According to the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve, PO2 in the lungs of 100 mm Hg results in HB being 98% saturated. At high altitude, there is less O2. At a PO in the lungs of 80 mm Hg, Hg would be…..saturated.
95%
Which conditions are responsible for holding the lungs to the thorax wall?
Surface tension from pleural fluid and negative pressure in the pleural cavity
As carbon dioxide enters systemic blood, it causes more oxygen to dissociate from hemoglobin (the Haldane effect), which in turn allows more CO2 to combine with hemoglobin and more bicarbonate ions to be generated (the Bohr effect). True or false?
False, the Bohr effect is when CO2 enters the systemic bloodstream causing more oxygen to dissociate from hemoglobin; the dissociation of O2 allows more CO2 to combine with Hb (Haldane effect)
Which structure is lined with simple squamous epithelium?
Alveolus
Ventilation perfusion coupling means that more blood flows past functional alveoli than past nonfunctional alveoli. True or false?
True
TV + IRV + ERV + RV =
ERV + RV =
TV + IRV + =
TV + IRV =
TV + IRV + ERV + RV = Total lung capacity
ERV + RV = Functional residual capacity
TV + IRV + ERV= Vital capacity
TV + IRV = Inspiratory capacity
Which of the following is a conducting zone structure: Alveolar duct, terminal bronchiole, alveolar sac, or respiratory bronchiole?
Terminal bronchiole
Oxygenated hemoglobin releases oxygen more readily when the pH is more basic. True or false?
False, more acidic
Intrapleural pressure is normally about 4 mm Hg less than the pressure in the alveoli. True or false?
True
The functions of the nasal conchae are to enhance the air turbulence in the cavity and to increase the mucosal surface area exposed to the air. True or false?
True