Respiratory System Flashcards
Provides an area for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide, protects the surfaces from dehyration, protects against pathogens, produces sounds, and permits speech.
Respiratory system
Nostrils
External nares
Lateral wall of nose
Ala
Space contained within the flexible tissue of nose
Vestibule
Hairs that remove particles from air
Vibrissae
Incoming air flows between these mounds of tissue and is warmed and humidified.
Conchae (Concha)
3 types of conchae
- Superior nasal conchae
- Middle nasal conchae
- Inferior nasal conchae
Passageways between conchae
Meatuses
3 types of meatuses
- Superior meatus
- Middle meatus
- Inferior meatus
Opening between the nasal cavity and the pharynx
Internal nares
Extends from the internal nares to the larynx
Pharynx
The throat
Pharynx
Superior portion which extends from the internal nares to the soft palate.
Nasopharynx
Posterior part of the roof of the mouth.
Soft palate
Passage between the pharynx and the middle ear.
Auditory tube
Eustachian or pharyngotympanic tube.
Auditory Tube
Single tonsil
Pharyngeal tonsil
Middle section which extends from the soft palate to the base of the tongue.
Oropharynx
Attachment site for many muscles that assist in speech.
Hyoid bone
Opening from the mouth into the pharynx.
Fauces
Projection that is attached to the posterior portion of the soft palate and assists in speech.
Uvula
Inferior portion which extends between the hyoid and the entrances to the larynx and esophagus.
Laryngopharynx
Extends from C4 to C6 and produces sounds.
Larynx
Narrow opening through which air leaves the pharynx and enters the larynx.
Glottis
3 types of large unpaired carilages.
- Epiglottis
- Thyroid cartilage
- Cricoid cartilage
Covers the glottis during swallowing.
Epiglottis
U shaped shield that forms the anterior wall for the larynx.
Thyroid cartilage
Adams apple
Laryngeal prominence
3 types of small, paired cartilages
- Arytenoid cartilages
- Cuneiform cartilages
- Corniculate cartilages
Involved in opening and closing of the glottis and producing sound.
Arytenoid cartilages
Consist of elastic fibers and are also called vocal cord
Vocal folds
Prevent foreign object from entering the glottis and protect the vocal folds
Vestibular (ventricular) folds
Extends from C6 to T5 and is also called the windpipe.
Trachea
15-20 C shaped rings of cartilage that stiffen the walls of the trachea
Tracheal cartilage
Network of bronchi and bronchioles that branch from the trachea
Bronchial Tree
Right and left primary bronchi are branches from the trachea.
Primary bronchi
Internal ridge that spearates the left and right bronchi
Carina
Branches of the primary bronchi that are also called lobar bronchi
Secondary bronchi
How many secondary bronchi are there?
One secondary bronchi for each lobe of the lungs
Branches of the secondary bronchi that are also called segmental bronchi
Tertiary bronchi
Branches of the tertiary bronchi that lack cartilage
Bronchioles
Collections of alveoli
Alveolar sacs
Small sacs where gas exchange occurs
Alveoli
Serous membrane surrounding lungs
Pleura
Covers inner surface of throacic wall
Parietal pleura
Covers surface of the lungs
Visceral pleura
Area between parietal and visceral pleura containing pleural fluid
Pleural cavities
Area where the primary bronchi, pulmonary artery, pulmonary veins and nerves enter the lung.
Hilum
Borders of the lungs
- Anterior border
- Posterior border
- Inferior border
Lobes of the right lung
- Superior lobe
- Middle lobe
- Inferior lobe
Separates the inferior love from the other two lobes of the right lung.
Oblique fissure
Separates the superior lobe from the middle lobe of the right lung.
Horizontal fissure
Lobes of the left lung
- Superior lobe
- Inferior lobe
Separates the two lobes of the left lung.
Oblique fissure
