Respiratory System Flashcards
What is the main function of the respiratory system?
oxygenate blood in order to oxygenate the whole body
What is the main function of the lungs?
to get oxygen from the air and pass it into the bloodstream
Each lung is divided into…?
lobes (two in the left lung and three in the right lung)
What is the pleura?
a double-layered membrane that surrounds each lung
Identify the different parts of the lungs
Identify the different parts of the respiratory system
What is the waste product of the respiratory system?
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
What are the two airwys that lead to the lungs called?
Bronchi
Which are the smaller tubes of the bronchi?
Bronchioles
The bronchioles are connected to small sacs called what?
Alveoli
Where does the gas exchange occur?
In the alveoli
How is the process of gas exchange called?
Diffussion
What is the diaphragm?
The sheet of muscles between the chest and the abdomen
What is the relation between the diaphragm and breathing?
When the diaphragm contracts, air goes in.
When the diaphragm relaxes, air goes out.
Which is the total lung capacity?
Approx. 6,000 ml
What is asthma?
diesease of the bronchi & bronchiole; spasm in the bronchioles
Which are the three COPDs (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases)?
- Emphysema
- Chronic Bronchitis
- Asthma
What occurs in ephysema?
The surface ares for gas exchange is reduced.
Alveoli are distended and their walls damaged.
Elastic recoil of the lungs is reduced.
What is bronchitis?
The inflammation of the primary & secondary bronchi
What happens in chronic bronchitis?
The airways are swollen & filled with mucus
What is pneumonia?
The viral or bacterial infection of the lungs, in which the bronchi or alveoli are filled with thick fluid
Which are some symptoms for pneumonia?
- high fever
- chills
- headache
- chest pain
- irregularities in specific lobules of the lungs
Which are the four stages of lung cancer?
