respiratory system Flashcards
surfactant
fluid lining alveoli that prevents their collapse
conchae
three projections arising from the nasal cavity walls to increase surface area
inhalation
active phase of pulmonary ventilation
internal exchange
the phase of respiration where oxygen is carried to cells by circulating blood
oropharynx
portion of the pharynx located posterior to the mouth
nasopharynx
uppermost portion of the pharynx posterior to nose
pulmonary ventilation
the process by which air is obtained from the environment and delivered to the alveoli
apnea
temporary cessation of breathing
cheyne-strokes
rhythmic variation in the depth of respiratory movements alternating with period of apnea and seen in critically ill patients
hypoxia
lower than normal level of oxygen in blood
chemoreceptors
areas in the carotid artery and aorta that regulate breathing
glottis
space between two vocal chords, opening to trachea
pleura
membrane around each lung
tracheostomy
hole made in trachea by surgical procedure
hypercapnia
high level of carbon dioxide
hyperpnea
abnormal increase in depth and rate of breathing
tidal volume
air moved in and out of lungs in relaxed, normal breathing
spirometer
used to measure lung volume
inspiratory reserve volume
additional amount of air that can be breathed in by for e after a normal breath
pharynx
term for the throat
tachypnea
excessive rate of breathing
97
percent of oxygen saturation in systemic arteries of the body
carbonic acid
formed when carbon dioxide dissolves in water
compliance
the ease in which lungs and thorax can expand
ciliated pseudostratified
type of cells that line the respiratory system
residual volume
volume of air that remains in lungs after maximum exhalation
