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Medical Terminology > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

adenoids

A

Lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx; pharyngeal tonsils

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2
Q

alveolus

A

Air sac in the lung

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3
Q

apex

A

anatomical tip or uppermost portion of the lung.

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4
Q

Base

A

anatomical Lower portion of the lung

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5
Q

Bronchioles

A

Smallest branches of the bronchi. Terminal bronchioles lead to alveolar ducts

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6
Q

bronchus

A

Branch of the trachea that is a passageway into the lung; bronchial tube

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7
Q

Co2

A

Gas produced by body cells when oxygen and carbon atoms from food combine; exhaled through the lungs.

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8
Q

cilia

A

Thin hairs attached to the mucous membrane epithelium lining the respiratory tract. They function to clear bacteria and foreign substances from the lung. Smoking impairs the cilia function

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9
Q

diaphragm

A

muscle separating the chest and abdomen. It contracts to pull air into the lungs and relaxes to push air out

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10
Q

epiglottis

A

Lid-like piece of cartilage that covers the larynx, preventing food from entering the larynx and trachea during swallowing

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11
Q

expiration

A

breathing out

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12
Q

glottis

A

slit-like opening into the larynx

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13
Q

hilum of the lung

A

Midline region where the bronchi, blood vessels, and nerves enter and exit the lungs. Hilar means pertaining to the hilum

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14
Q

inspiration

A

breathing in

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15
Q

larynx

A

voice box; containing the vocal cords.

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16
Q

lobe

A

division of a lung

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17
Q

mediastinum

A

region between the lungs in the chest cavity. contains the trachea, heart, lymph nodes, aorta, esophagus, and bronchial tubes

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18
Q

nares

A

openings through the nose carrying air into the nasal cavities

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19
Q

O2

A

gas that makes up 21% of the air. It passes into the bloodstream at the lungs and travels to all body cells.

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20
Q

palatine tonsil.

A

One pair of almond-shaped masses of lymphatic tissue in the oropharynx

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21
Q

paranasal sinus

A

One of the air cavities in the bones near the nose.

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22
Q

parietal pleura

A

Outer layer of pleura lying closer to the ribs and chest wall.

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23
Q

pharynx

A

throat; including the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx

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24
Q

pleura

A

double layered membrane surrounding each lung.

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25
Q

pleural cavity

A

Space between the folds of the pleura

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26
Q

pulmonary parenchyma

A

Essential parts of the lung, responsible for respiration; bronchioles and alveoli.

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27
Q

respiration

A

breathing

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28
Q

trachea

A

windpipe

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29
Q

visceral pleura

A

inner layer of pleura lying closer to the lung tissue.

30
Q

adenoid/o

A

adenoids

31
Q

alveol/o

A

alveolus, air sac

32
Q

bronch/o, bronchi/o

A

bronchial tube, bronchus

33
Q

bronchiol/o

A

bronchiole, small bronchus

34
Q

capn/o

A

carbon dioxide

35
Q

coni/o

A

dust

36
Q

cyan/o

A

blue

37
Q

epiglott/o

A

epiglottis

38
Q

laryng/o

A

larynx, voice box

39
Q

lob/o

A

lobe of the lung

40
Q

mediastin/o

A

mediastinum

41
Q

nas/o

A

nose

42
Q

orth/o

A

straight, upright

43
Q

ox/o

A

oxygen

44
Q

pector/o

A

chest

45
Q

pharyng/o

A

pharynx, throat

46
Q

phon/o

A

voice

47
Q

phren/o

A

diaphragm

48
Q

pleur/o

A

pleura

49
Q

pneum/o

A

air, lung

50
Q

pulmon/o

A

lung

51
Q

rhin/o

A

nose

52
Q

sinus/o

A

sinus, cavity

53
Q

spir/o

A

breathing

54
Q

tel/o

A

complete

55
Q

thorac/o

A

chest

56
Q

tonsill/o

A

tonsils

57
Q

trache/o

A

trachea, windpipe

58
Q

-ema

A

condition

59
Q

-osmia

A

smell

60
Q

-pnea

A

breathing

61
Q

-ptysis

A

spitting

62
Q

-sphyxia

A

pulse

63
Q

-thorax

A

pleural cavity, chest

64
Q

auscultation

A

listening to sounds within the body

65
Q

percussion

A

Tapping on a surface to determine the difference in the density of underlying structures

66
Q

pleural rub

A

Scratchy sound produced by the pleural surfaces rubbing against each other

67
Q

rales (crackles)

A

Fine crackling sounds heard on auscultation (during inhalation) when there is fluid in the alveoli

68
Q

rhonchi

A

loud rumbling sounds heard on auscultation of bronchi obstructed by sputum

69
Q

sputum

A

Material expelled from the bronchi, lungs, or upper respiratory tract by spitting.

70
Q

stridor

A

Strained, high-pitched sound heard on inspiration caused by obstruction in the pharynx or larynx.

71
Q

wheezes

A

Continuous, high-pitched whistling sounds produced during breathing.

Medical Terminology (14 decks)

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