Respiratory System Flashcards
adenoids
Lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx; pharyngeal tonsils
alveolus
Air sac in the lung
apex
anatomical tip or uppermost portion of the lung.
Base
anatomical Lower portion of the lung
Bronchioles
Smallest branches of the bronchi. Terminal bronchioles lead to alveolar ducts
bronchus
Branch of the trachea that is a passageway into the lung; bronchial tube
Co2
Gas produced by body cells when oxygen and carbon atoms from food combine; exhaled through the lungs.
cilia
Thin hairs attached to the mucous membrane epithelium lining the respiratory tract. They function to clear bacteria and foreign substances from the lung. Smoking impairs the cilia function
diaphragm
muscle separating the chest and abdomen. It contracts to pull air into the lungs and relaxes to push air out
epiglottis
Lid-like piece of cartilage that covers the larynx, preventing food from entering the larynx and trachea during swallowing
expiration
breathing out
glottis
slit-like opening into the larynx
hilum of the lung
Midline region where the bronchi, blood vessels, and nerves enter and exit the lungs. Hilar means pertaining to the hilum
inspiration
breathing in
larynx
voice box; containing the vocal cords.
lobe
division of a lung
mediastinum
region between the lungs in the chest cavity. contains the trachea, heart, lymph nodes, aorta, esophagus, and bronchial tubes
nares
openings through the nose carrying air into the nasal cavities
O2
gas that makes up 21% of the air. It passes into the bloodstream at the lungs and travels to all body cells.
palatine tonsil.
One pair of almond-shaped masses of lymphatic tissue in the oropharynx
paranasal sinus
One of the air cavities in the bones near the nose.
parietal pleura
Outer layer of pleura lying closer to the ribs and chest wall.
pharynx
throat; including the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx
pleura
double layered membrane surrounding each lung.
