Blood System

Question 1

albumin

Answer 1

protein in blood; maintains amount of water in the blood

Question 2

antibody (Ab)

Answer 2

specific protein (immuniglobulin) produced by lymphocytes in response to bacteria, viruses and other antigens. An antibody is specific to an antigen and inactivates it.

Question 3

antigen

Answer 3

foreign substance that stimulates the production of an antibody

Question 4

basophil

Answer 4

white blood cell containing granules that stain blue; associated with the release of histamine and heparin.

Question 5

bilirubin

Answer 5

orange-yellow pigment in bile; formed by the breakdown of hemoglobin when RBCs are destroyed

Question 6

coagulation

Answer 6

blood clotting

Question 7

colony-stimulating factor

Answer 7

protein that stimulates growth of WBC’s (granulocytes)

Question 8

differentiation

Answer 8

change in structure and function of a cell as it matures; specialization

Question 9

electrophoresis

Answer 9

method of separating serum proteins by electrical charge.

Question 10

eosinophil

Answer 10

White blood cells containing granules that stain red; associated with allergic reactions

Question 11

erythroblast

Answer 11

immature red blood cells

Question 12

erythrocyte

Answer 12

mature red blood cell. There are about 5 million per microliter of blood

Question 13

erythropoietin (EPO)

Answer 13

Hormone secreted by the kidneys; stimulates red blood cell formation

Question 14

fibrin

Answer 14

protein that forms the basis of a blood clot

Question 15

fibrinogen

Answer 15

plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process

Question 16

globulin

Answer 16

plasma protein; alpha, beta and gamma

Question 17

granulocyte

Answer 17

white blood cell with numerous dark staining granules; eosinophil, neutrophil and basophil

Question 18

hematopoietic stem cell

Answer 18

cell in bone marrow that gives rise to all types of blood cells

Question 19

hemoglobin

Answer 19

blood protein containing iron; carries oxygen in red blood cells

Question 20

hemolysis

Answer 20

destruction or breakdown of blood cells

Question 21

heparin

Answer 21

anticoagulant found in blood and tissue cells

Question 22

immune reaction

Answer 22

response of the immune system to foreign invasion

Question 23

immunoglobulin

Answer 23

protein with antibody activity; examples include IgG, IgM, IgA, IgE, IgD.

Question 24

leukocyte

Answer 24

WBC

Question 25

lymphocyte

Answer 25

mononuclear leukocyte that produces antibodies

Question 26

macrophages

Answer 26

monocyte that migrates from blood into tissue spaces. As a phagocyte, it engulfs foreign materials.

Question 27

Megakaryocyte

Answer 27

large platelet precursor cell found in the bone marrow

Question 28

monocyte

Answer 28

leukocyte with one large nucleus

Question 29

mononuclear

Answer 29

pertaining to a cell (leukocyte) with a single round nucleus; lymphocytes and monocytes are mononuclear leukocytes

Question 30

myeloblast

Answer 30

immature bone marrow that gives rise to granulocytes

Question 31

neutrophil

Answer 31

granulocytic leukocyte formed in bone marrow. It is a phagocytic tissue-fighting cell. Also called a POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTE.

Question 32

plasma

Answer 32

liquid portion of blood. Contains water, sugar, salts, proteins, lipids, hormones and vitamins

Question 33

plasmapheresis

Answer 33

removal of plasma from withdrawn blood by centrifuge.

Question 34

platelet

Answer 34

small blood fragment that collects at sites of injury to begin clotting process

Question 35

polymorphonuclear

Answer 35

pertaining to a white blood cell with a multi-lobed; neutrophil

Question 36

prothrombin

Answer 36

Plasma protein; converted to thrombin in the clotting process

Question 37

reticulocyte

Answer 37

immature erythrocyte.

Question 38

Rh factor

Answer 38

antigen on RBCs of Rh-positive individuals.

Question 39

serum

Answer 39

Plasma minus clotting proteins and cells. Clear, yellowish fluid that separates from blood when it is allowed to clot.

Question 40

stem cell.

Answer 40

Unspecialized cell that gives rise to mature, specialized cells.

Question 41

thrombin

Answer 41

emzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation.

Question 42

thrombocyte

Answer 42

platelet.

Question 43

bas/o

Answer 43

base

Question 44

chrom/o

Answer 44

color

Question 45

coagul/o

Answer 45

clotting

Question 46

cyt/o

Answer 46

cell

Question 47

eosin/o

Answer 47

red, dawn, rosy

Question 48

erythr/o

Answer 48

red

Question 49

granul/o

Answer 49

granules

Question 50

hem/o

Answer 50

blood

Question 51

hemoglobin/o

Answer 51

hemoglobin

Question 52

is/o

Answer 52

same, equal

Question 53

kary/o

Answer 53

nucleus

Question 54

leuk/o

Answer 54

white

Question 55

mon/o

Answer 55

one, single

Question 56

morph/o

Answer 56

shape, form

Question 57

myel/o

Answer 57

bone marrow

Question 58

neutr/o

Answer 58

neutral

Question 59

nucle/o

Answer 59

nucleus

Question 60

phag/o

Answer 60

eat, swallow

Question 61

poikil/o

Answer 61

varied, irregular

Question 62

sider/o

Answer 62

iron

Question 63

spher/o

Answer 63

globe, round

Question 64

thromb/o

Answer 64

clot

Question 65

-apheresis

Answer 65

removal, carrying away

Question 66

-blast

Answer 66

immature cell, embryonic

Question 67

cytosis

Answer 67

abnormal condition of cells

Question 68

-emia

Answer 68

blood condition

Question 69

-gen

Answer 69

giving rise to; producing

Question 70

-globin

Answer 70

protein

Question 71

-globulin

Answer 71

protein

Question 72

-lytic

Answer 72

pertaining to destruction

Question 73

-oid

Answer 73

derived from or originating from

Question 74

-osis

Answer 74

abnormal condition

Question 75

-penia

Answer 75

deficiency

Question 76

-phage

Answer 76

eat, swallow

Question 77

-philia

Answer 77

attraction for

Question 78

-phoresis

Answer 78

carrying, transmission

Question 79

-poiesis

Answer 79

formation

Question 80

-stasis

Answer 80

stop, control