Respiratory system

Question 1

Upper respiratory tract

Answer 1

nose - nares, nasal cavity, nasal septum, hard palate, conchae
sinus - moisten and warm air and sound resonating chamber for voice
pharynx- nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx
larynx - thyroid cartilage, vocal cords, glottis, epiglottis

Question 2

Lower respiratory tract

Answer 2

trachea - windpipe connects upper respiratory tract to lungs, begins at cricoid cartilage
lungs -
bronchial tree

Question 3

Goblet cells

Answer 3

mucous producing cells on both upper and lower tracts. Help warm and humidify the air and trap particles. Cilia helps move mucous to throat to be swallowed

Question 4

Lungs

Answer 4

right lung has 3 lobes and is slightly larger.
left lung has two lobes b/c heart
Visceral pleura - on lungs
parietal pleura - lining cavity
pleural fluid- fluid for smooth sliding
Bronchii - large branches to smaller
Bronchioles - smallest passageways in tree
Alveoli - alveolar ducts surrounded by alveoli - oxygen and carbondioxide exchange occurs here at respiratory membrane
surfactant allows for smooth movement

Question 5

Ventilation

Answer 5

drawing of air into and out of lungs

Question 6

Respiration

Answer 6

passive diffusion of O2 and CO2

Question 7

Inhalation or inspiration

Answer 7

draws air into lungs via
diaphragm
external intercostals
serratus anterior
pec minor
scalenes and SCM

Question 8

Exhalation or expiration

Answer 8

expels air out of lungs via
Internal intercostals
Rectus abdominis etc

Question 9

Regulation of breating

Answer 9

Respiratory centers in medulla oblongata and pons
Respiratory nerves - phrenic nerve
stretch receptors
chemoreceptors