Neuro and Fascial Connections

Question 1

Reciprocal Inhibition

Answer 1

Reflex mechanism that coordinates the effort between agonist and antagonist muscles

Question 2

Hypertonicity

Answer 2

Excessive muscle tension

Question 3

Alpha Loop

Answer 3

Made up of alpha sensory neuron looped around central region of muscle spindle and alpha motor neuron that innervates extrafusal fibers. This loop is the reflex arc for the stretch reflex.

Question 4

Gamma Loop

Answer 4

Made up of gamma sensory attached toward end of the spindles and the gamma motor neuron which innervates the intrafusal fibers.

Question 5

Gamma Gain

Answer 5

Increased tension of the intrafusal fibers heightens the proprioceptors sensitivity to rate of lengthening.

Question 6

Tensegrity

Answer 6

Tension between two opposing forces can be balanced to create structural integrity.

Question 7

Fascial Layers

Answer 7

Pannicular – outermost layer surrounds body and is made up of mostly subcutaneous fat and superficial muscle

Axial – surrounds compartments in skeletal muscles as well as ligaments, tendons, and periosteum

Meningeal - surrounds brain and spinal cord

Visceral – holds organs together as well as parietal and peritoneal layers of serous membranes in ventral cavity.

Question 8

Superficial Fascia

Answer 8

Includes the hyprodermis to connect to underlying structures and some superficial muscles

Question 9

Deep Fascia

Answer 9

Combo of all other layers that surround muscle, bones, and organs.

Question 10

Myofascial Train

Answer 10

connective tissue links between muscles, bones, and fascial membranes that provide a pathway for the mechanical communication of tension and compression throughout the body.

Question 11

Viscoelasticity

Answer 11

Special collagen structure and organization allows tissues to extend and rebound. Collagen fibers consist of tropocollagen which is a special protein molecule that has a triple helix structure which gives this ability.

Question 12

Thixotropy

Answer 12

allows for CT to move from a more gel like state to more liquid state. Thanks to water magnet called GAGs.

Question 13

Piezoelectricity

Answer 13

When CT is subject to mechanical pressure it creates a small electrical charge which excites fibroblasts and inhibits fibroclasts.

Question 14

Fascial plasticity

Answer 14

Something to be molded or changed. Neural plasticity is an example but fascia research shows its ability to be adaptive.

Question 15

Fascia as sensory organ

Answer 15

Contains:
Golgi Receptors
Pacinian corpuscles
Ruffini corpuscles
Interstitial myofascial receptors (most abundant)

Question 16

Proprioception

Answer 16

Persons sense of body position

Question 17

Kinesthesia

Answer 17

Persons sense of movement

Question 18

Type 1 Fibers

Answer 18

High density of mitochondria and myoglobin. Red in appearance and are slow twitch fibers

Question 19

Type 2 Fibers

Answer 19

White or fast twitch fibers. Low in mitochondria and myoglobin

Question 20

Postural Muscle

Answer 20

High endurance Ex. Erector spine and Iliopsoas

Question 21

Phasic Muscle

Answer 21

Low endurance fast twitch Ex. biceps and hamstrings